CONSTRUCTION INC.
INJURY AND ILLNESS PREVENTION PROGRAM
The contents of this document have been developed as modeled from CalOSHA. Presentation and format may differ from documentation found on CalOSHA website.
Every California employer must establish, implement and maintain a written Injury and Illness Prevention (IIP) Program and a copy must be maintained at each workplace or at a central worksite if the employer has non-fixed worksites. The requirements for establishing, implementing and maintaining an effective written injury and illness prevention program are contained in Title 8 of the California Code of Regulations, Section 3203 (T8 CCR 3203) and consist of eight elements:
CONTENTS
ELELEMENT 4 - HAZARD ASSESSMENT 5
ELEMENT 5 - ACCIDENT/EXPOSURE INVESTIGATIONS 41
SUPERVISOR’S REPORT OF ACCIDENT 42
ELEMENT 6 - HAZARD CORRECTION 44
Hazard Assessment & Correction Record 45
ELEMENT 7 - TRAINING AND INSTRUCTION 47
This model program has been prepared for use by employers in industries, which have been determined by Cal/OSHA to be high hazard. You are not required to use this program. This model program was written for a broad spectrum of employers and it may not match your establishment's exact needs. However, it does provide the essential framework required for an Injury and Illness Prevention Program.
Proper use of this model program requires the IIP Program administrator of your establishment to carefully review the requirements for each of the eight IIP Program elements found in this model program, fill in the appropriate blank spaces and check those items that are applicable to your workplace. The recordkeeping section requires that the IIP Program administrator select and implement the category appropriate for your establishment. Sample forms for hazard assessment and correction, accident/exposure investigation, and worker training and instruction are provided with this model program.
This model program must be maintained by the employer in order to be effective.
The Injury and Illness Prevention Program (IIPP) administrator, _Yesenia Aguilar_ has the authority and responsibility for implementing the provisions of this program for
RWR Construction Inc.
All managers, supervisors and lead personnel are responsible for implementing and maintaining the IIPP in their work areas and for answering worker questions about the Program. A copy of this IIPP is available in the Main Office, Each Job Site.
Management is responsible for ensuring that all safety and health policies and procedures are clearly communicated and understood by all employees. Supervisors and lead personnel are expected to enforce the rules fairly and uniformly.
All employees are responsible for using safe work practices, for following all directives, policies and procedures, and for assisting in maintaining a safe work environment.
The following is our system of ensuring that all workers comply with the rules and maintain a safe work environment:
Informing workers of the provisions of our IIPP;
Evaluating the safety performance of all workers;
Recognizing employees who perform safe and healthful work practices. This recognition is accomplished by: Bi-Weekly Tailgate Meetings on Fridays
Providing training to workers whose safety performance is deficient;
Disciplining workers for failure to comply with safe and healthful work practices. The following outlines our disciplinary process: - Verbal warning (documented) for minor offenses. - Written warning for more severe or repeated violations. - Suspension without pay, if verbal and written warnings do not prove to be sufficient. - If worker is involved in an accident - immediate drug test, suspension up to termination.
Other means that we use to ensure employee compliance with safe and healthful work practices include: Safety Incentive Program.
The following is our system of communication, designed to facilitate a continuous flow of two-way (management, supervision and employees) safety and health information in a form that is readily understandable to and between all affected site personnel:
New worker orientation, including a discussion of site-specific safety and health policies and procedures.
Follow-through by supervision to ensure effectiveness.
Workplace-specific safety and health training.
Safety meetings held at least every other Friday – more frequently as deemed necessary by the creation of hazards or occurrence of injuries and illnesses.
Effective communication of safety and health concerns between workers and supervisors, including language translation where appropriate.
Posted and distributed safety information.
Vehicle and site-specific codes of safe work practices.
Other means we use to ensure communication with employees include: Safety Incentive program
Yes Our organization elects to use a labor/management safety and health committee meeting all the requirements of T8CCR 3203 (7)(c)(1) – (7) to comply with the communication requirements of subsection (a)(3) of T8CCR 3203.
____ Our organization has less than ten employees and complies with the requirements of subsection (a)(3) of T8CCR 3203 by communicating and instructing employees orally in:
General safe work practices with specifics with respect to hazards unique to the employees' job assignment.
ELELEMENT 4 - HAZARD ASSESSMENT
Periodic inspections to identify and evaluate workplace hazards shall be performed by the following competent observer(s) in the following areas of our workplace:
Competent Observer | Area |
Ruben Hernandez | All Areas |
Fernando Puac | All Areas |
David Rodas | All Areas |
Julio Serrano | All Areas |
Javier Mendieta | All Areas |
Trevor Vantrease | All Areas |
Victor Sanchez | All Areas |
Periodic inspections to identify and evaluate workplace hazards shall be performed by Project Manager, Foreman, or Supervisor according to the following schedule:
When our Injury and Illness Prevention Program was first established;
At least Daily prior to beginning of the shifts;
When new substances, processes, procedures or equipment that present potential new hazards are introduced into our workplace;
When new, previously unidentified hazards are recognized;
When occupational injuries and illnesses occur;
When we hire and/or reassign permanent or intermittent workers to processes, operations, or tasks for which a hazard evaluation has not been previously conducted; and
Whenever workplace conditions warrant an inspection.
Periodic inspections consist of identification and evaluation of workplace hazards utilizing applicable sections of the attached Hazard Assessment Checklist*, and any other effective methods to identify and evaluate workplace hazards.
Are all worksites clean and orderly?
Are work surfaces kept dry or appropriate means taken to assure the surfaces are slip- resistant?
Are all spilled materials or liquids cleaned up immediately?
Is combustible scrap, debris and waste stored safely and removed from the worksite promptly?
Is accumulated combustible dust routinely removed from elevated surfaces, including the overhead structure of buildings?
Is combustible dust cleaned up with a vacuum system to prevent the dust going into suspension?
Is metallic or conductive dust prevented from entering or accumulation on or around electrical enclosures or equipment?
Are covered metal waste cans used for oily and paint-soaked waste?
Are all oil and gas fired devices equipped with flame failure controls that will prevent flow of fuel if pilots or main burners are not working?
Are paint spray booths, dip tanks and the like cleaned regularly?
Are the minimum number of toilets and washing facilities provided?
Are all toilets and washing facilities clean and sanitary?
Are all work areas adequately illuminated?
Are pits and floor openings covered or otherwise guarded?
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT & CLOTHING
Are protective goggles or face shields provided and worn where there is any danger of flying particles or corrosive materials?
Are approved safety glasses required to be worn at all times in areas where there is a risk of eye injuries such as punctures, abrasions, contusions or burns?
Are employees who need corrective lenses (glasses or contacts lenses) in working environments with harmful exposures, required to wear only approved safety glasses, protective goggles, or use other medically approved precautionary procedures?
Are protective gloves, aprons, shields, or other means provided against cuts, corrosive liquids and chemicals?
Are hard hats provided and worn at all times?
Are hard hats inspected periodically for damage to the shell and suspension system?
Is appropriate foot protection required where there is the risk of foot injuries from hot, corrosive, poisonous substances, falling objects, crushing or penetrating actions?
Are approved respirators provided for regular or emergency use where needed?
Is all protective equipment maintained in a sanitary condition and ready for use?
Do you have eye wash facilities and a quick drench shower within the work area where employees are exposed to injurious corrosive materials?
Where special equipment is needed for electrical workers, is it available?
When lunches are eaten on the premises, are they eaten in areas where there is no exposure to toxic materials or other health hazards?
Is protection against the effects of occupational noise exposure provided when sound levels exceed those of the Cal/OSHA noise standard?
Are aisles and passageways kept clear?
Are aisles and walkways marked as appropriate?
Are wet surfaces covered with non-slip materials?
Are holes in the floor, sidewalk or other walking surface repaired properly, covered or otherwise made safe?
Is there safe clearance for walking in aisles where motorized or mechanical handling equipment is operating.
Are spilled materials cleaned up immediately?
Are materials or equipment stored in such a way that sharp projectiles will not interfere with the walkway?
Are changes of direction or elevations readily identifiable?
Are aisles or walkways that pass near moving or operating machinery, welding operations or similar operations arranged so employees will not be subjected to potential hazards?
Is adequate headroom provided for the entire length of any aisle or walkway?
Are standard guardrails provided wherever aisle or walkway surfaces are elevated more than 30 inches above any adjacent floor or the ground?
Are bridges provided over conveyors and similar hazards?
Are floor openings guarded by a cover, guardrail, or equivalent on all sides (except at entrance to stairways or ladders)?
Are toe boards installed around the edges of a permanent floor opening (where persons may pass below the opening)?
Are skylight screens of such construction and mounting that they will withstand a load of at least 200 pounds?
Is the glass in windows, doors, glass walls that are subject to human impact, of sufficient thickness and type for the condition of use?
Are grates or similar type covers over floor openings such as floor drains, of such design that foot traffic or rolling equipment will not be affected by the grate spacing?
Are unused portions of service pits and pits not actually in use either covered or protected by guardrails or equivalent?
Are manhole covers, trench covers and similar covers, plus their supports, designed to carry a truck rear axle load of at least 20,000 pounds when located in roadways and subject to vehicle traffic?
Are floor or wall openings in fire resistive construction provided with doors or covers compatible with the fire rating of the structure and provided with self-closing feature when appropriate?
Are standard stair rails or handrails on all stairways having four or more risers?
Are all stairways at least 22 inches wide?
Do stairs have at least a 6'6" overhead clearance?
Do stairs angle no more than 50 and no less than 30 degrees?
Are stairs of hollow-pan type treads and landings filled to noising level with solid material?
Are step risers on stairs uniform from top to bottom, with no riser spacing greater than 7- 1/2 inches?
Are steps on stairs and stairways designed or provided with a surface that renders them slip resistant?
Are stairway handrails located between 30 and 34 inches above the leading edge of stair treads?
Do stairway handrails have a least 1-1/2 inches of clearance between the handrails and the wall or surface they are mounted on?
Are stairway handrails capable of withstanding a load of 200 pounds, applied in any direction?
Where stairs or stairways exit directly into any area where vehicles may be operated, are adequate barriers and warnings provided to prevent employees stepping into the path of traffic?
Do stairway landings have a dimension measured in the direction of travel, at least equal to width of the stairway?
Is the vertical distance between stairway landings limited to 12 feet or less?
Are signs posted, when appropriate, showing the elevated surface load capacity?
Are surfaces elevated more than 30 inches above the floor or ground provided with standard guardrails?
Are all elevated surfaces (beneath which people or machinery could be exposed to falling objects) provided with standard 4-inch toe boards?
Is a permanent means of access and egress provided to elevated storage and work surfaces?
Is required headroom provided where necessary?
Is material on elevated surfaces piled, stacked or racked in a manner to prevent it from tipping, falling, collapsing, rolling or spreading?
Are dock boards or bridge plates used when transferring materials between docks and trucks or rail cars?
Are all exits marked with an exit sign and illuminated by a reliable light source?
Are the directions to exits, when not immediately apparent, marked with visible signs?
Are doors, passageways or stairways, that are neither exits nor access to exits and which could be mistaken for exits, appropriately marked "NOT AN EXIT", "TO BASEMENT", "STOREROOM", and the like?
Are exit signs provided with the word "EXIT" in lettering at least 5 inches high and the stroke of the lettering at least 1/2 inch wide?
Are exit doors side-hinged?
Are all exits kept free of obstructions?
Are at least two means of egress provided from elevated platforms, pits or rooms where the absence of a second exit would increase the risk of injury from hot, poisonous, corrosive, suffocating, flammable, or explosive substances?
Are there sufficient exits to permit prompt escape in case of emergency?
Are special precautions taken to protect employees during construction and repair operations?
Is the number of exits from each floor of a building, and the number of exits from the building itself, appropriate for the building occupancy load?
Are exit stairways which are required to be separated from other parts of a building enclosed by at least two hour fire-resistive construction in buildings more than four stories in height, and not less than one-hour fire resistive construction elsewhere?
When ramps are used as part of required exiting from a building, is the ramp slope limited to 1- foot vertical and 12 feet horizontal?
Where exiting will be through frameless glass doors, glass exit doors, storm doors, and such are the doors fully tempered and meet the safety requirements for human impact?
Are doors that are required to serve as exits designed and constructed so that the way of exit travel is obvious and direct?
Are windows that could be mistaken for exit doors, made inaccessible by means of barriers or railings?
Are exit doors openable from the direction of exit travel without the use of a key or any special knowledge or effort, when the building is occupied?
Is a revolving, sliding or overhead door prohibited from serving as a required exit door?
Where panic hardware is installed on a required exit door, will it allow the door to open by applying a force of 15 pounds or less in the direction of the exit traffic?
Are doors on cold storage rooms provided with an inside release mechanism that will release the latch and open the door even if it's padlocked or otherwise locked on the outside?
Where exit doors open directly onto any street, alley or other area where vehicles may be operated, are adequate barriers and warnings provided to prevent employees stepping into the path of traffic?
Are doors that swing in both directions and are located between rooms where there is frequent traffic, provided with viewing panels in each door?
Are all ladders maintained in good condition, joints between steps and side rails tight, all hardware and fittings securely attached, and moveable parts operating freely without binding or undue play?
Are non-slip safety feet provided on each ladder?
Are non-slip safety feet provided on each metal or rung ladder?
Are ladder rungs and steps free of grease and oil?
Is it prohibited to place a ladder in front of doors opening toward the ladder except when the door is blocked open, locked or guarded?
Is it prohibited to place ladders on boxes, barrels, or other unstable bases to obtain additional height?
Are employees instructed to face the ladder when ascending or descending?
Are employees prohibited from using ladders that are broken, missing steps, rungs, or cleats, broken side rails or other faulty equipment?
Are employees instructed not to use the top 2 steps of ordinary stepladders as a step?
When portable rung ladders are used to gain access to elevated platforms, roofs, and the like does the ladder always extend at least 3 feet above the elevated surface?
Is it required that when portable rung or cleat type ladders are used the base is so placed that slipping will not occur, or it is lashed or otherwise held in place?
Are portable metal ladders legibly marked with signs reading "CAUTION" "Do Not Use Around Electrical Equipment" or equivalent wording?
Are employees prohibited from using ladders as guys, braces, skids, gin poles, or for other than their intended purposes?
Are employees instructed to only adjust extension ladders while standing at a base (not while standing on the ladder or from a position above the ladder)?
Are metal ladders inspected for damage?
Are the rungs of ladders uniformly spaced at 12 inches, center to center?
Are all tools and equipment (both, company and employee-owned) used by employees at their workplace in good condition?
Are hand tools such as chisels, punches, which develop mushroomed heads during use, reconditioned or replaced as necessary?
Are broken or fractured handles on hammers, axes and similar equipment replaced promptly?
Are worn or bent wrenches replaced regularly?
Are appropriate handles used on files and similar tools?
Are employees made aware of the hazards caused by faulty or improperly used hand tools?
Are appropriate safety glasses, face shields, and similar equipment used while using hand tools or equipment that might produce flying materials or be subject to breakage?
Are jacks checked periodically to assure they are in good operating condition?
Are tool handles wedged tightly in the head of all tools?
Are tool cutting edges kept sharp so the tool will move smoothly without binding or skipping?
Are tools stored in dry, secure location where they won't be tampered with?
Is eye and face protection used when driving hardened or tempered spuds or nails?
PORTABLE (POWER OPERATED) TOOLS & EQUIPMENT
Are grinders, saws, and similar equipment provided with appropriate safety guards?
Are power tools used with the correct shield, guard or attachment recommended by the manufacturer?
Are portable circular saws equipped with guards above and below the base shoe?
Are circular saw guards checked to assure they are not wedged up, thus leaving the lower portion of the blade unguarded?
Are rotating or moving parts of equipment guarded to prevent physical contact?
Are all cord-connected, electrically operated tools and equipment effectively grounded or of the approved double insulated type?
Are effective guards in place over belts, pulleys, chains, and sprockets, on equipment such as concrete mixers, air compressors, and the like?
Are portable fans provided with full guards or screens having openings 1/2 inch or less?
Is hoisting equipment available and used for lifting heavy objects, and are hoist ratings and characteristics appropriate for the task?
Are ground-fault circuit interrupters provided on all temporary electrical 15 and 20 ampere circuits, used during periods of construction?
Are pneumatic and hydraulic hoses on power-operated tools checked regularly for deterioration or damage?
ABRASIVE WHEEL EQUIPMENT GRINDERS
Is the work rest used and kept adjusted to within 1/8 inch of the wheel?
Is the adjustable tongue on the top side of the grinder used and kept adjusted to within 1/4 inch of the wheel?
Do side guards cover the spindle, nut, and flange and 75 percent of the wheel diameter?
Are bench and pedestal grinders permanently mounted?
Are goggles or face shields always worn when grinding?
Is the maximum RPM rating of each abrasive wheel compatible with the RPM rating of the grinder motor?
Are fixed or permanently mounted grinders connected to their electrical supply system with metallic conduit or other permanent wiring method?
Does each grinder have an individual on and off control switch?
Is each electrically operated grinder effectively grounded?
Before new abrasive wheels are mounted, are they visually inspected and ring tested?
Are dust collectors and powered exhausts provided on grinders used in operations that produce large amounts of dust?
Are splashguards mounted on grinders that use coolant, to prevent the coolant reaching employees?
Is cleanliness maintained around grinder?
CONCRETE CUTTING AND DRILLING
ALWAYS follow the designer’s recommendations for the safe use of the saw
ONLY use correct blade size, as recommended by the saw manufacturer. Oversized blades are dangerous
NEVER use the saw with the guards removed
Do NOT hold hand-held concrete cutting saws any higher than shoulder height
Do NOT use hand-held concrete cutting saws for inverted cutting
Before cutting with road, floor, wall, and hand held saws, the operator should check that the equipment is safe. The operator should check the general condition of the equipment before commencing each job to ensure that the cutting tool, guards, leads, and hydraulic hoses are in good order.
The operator should ensure that:
The blade is in good working condition and is free from cracks and deterioration
The specified blade speed matches the saw drive speed
The shaft and flanges are clean and undamaged
The blade fits securely over the shaft
The shaft nut is tightened against the outside flange
The blade guard is fitted and in good working order The drive belt is at the correct tension
For wet cuttings, adequate coolant/water is available
Safe operating procedures are in place when hand held saws are used in confined areas
Appropriate personal protective equipment is provided, where required
SILICA AND
INHALING DUSTS CREATED BY CONCRETE CUTTING, BREAKING & DRILLING
Exposure to dust containing silica can cause silicosis, a progressive, irreversible, and sometimes fatal lung disease.
Concrete cutting and drilling can generate large quantities of dust, which can include respirable silica dust. Exposure to silica dust can result in silicosis, a stiffening, and scarring of the lungs. It results in shortness of breath, coughing, and chest pain. The effects are irreversible and lead to degeneration in the person’s health, invariably resulting in death. The coarser rock and cement dust particulates can cause upper respiratory irritation and symptoms, such as bronchitis, if extensively exposed over long periods of time.
Dry methods of concrete cutting and drilling produce the highest levels of respirable dust.
Wherever possible, concrete cutting and drilling equipment should be fitted with collection devices to eliminate generated dust at the source.
Where dust extraction is not practical, wet methods should be used to minimize dust generation.
Ensure that enough water/coolant is supplied to the operation to adequately suppress the dust.
Whenever the above controls are not practical, or fail to achieve full compliance, respiratory
protection must be used. An appropriate “N” series or “P” series particulate respirator will provide adequate protection for respirable quartz concentrations.
The following personal protective equipment (PPE) should be worn, when needed:
Safety Helmets/Hard Hats
Hearing Protection
Eye Protection
Safety clothing such as safety boots, waterproof clothing, aprons, gloves, and reflective safety vest
Respirators
Gloves to improve grip and reduce force
Are employees who operate powder-actuated tools trained in their use and carry a valid operator's card?
Do the powder-actuated tools being used have written approval of the Division of Occupational Safety and Health?
Is each powder-actuated tool stored in its own locked container when not being used?
Is a sign at least 7" by 10" with bold type reading "POWDER-ACTUATED TOOL IN USE" conspicuously posted when the tool is being used?
Are powder-actuated tools left unloaded until they are actually ready to be used?
Are powder-actuated tools inspected for obstructions or defects each day before use?
Do powder-actuated tools operators have and use appropriate personal protective equipment such as hard hats, safety goggles, safety shoes and ear protectors?
Is there a training program to instruct employees on safe methods of machine operation?
Is there adequate supervision to ensure that employees are following safe machine operating procedures?
Is there a regular program of safety inspection of machinery and equipment?
Is all machinery and equipment kept clean and properly maintained?
Is sufficient clearance provided around and between machines to allow for safe operations, set up and servicing, material handling and waste removal?
Is equipment and machinery securely placed and anchored, when necessary to prevent tipping or other movement that could result in personal injury?
Is there a power shut-off switch within reach of the operator's position at each machine?
Can electric power to each machine be locked out for maintenance, repair, or security?
Are the noncurrent-carrying metal parts of electrically operated machines bonded and grounded?
Are foot-operated switches guarded or arranged to prevent accidental actuation by personnel or falling objects?
Are manually operated valves and switches controlling the operation of equipment and machines clearly identified and readily accessible?
Are all emergency stop buttons colored red?
Are all pulleys and belts that are within 7 feet of the floor or working level properly guarded?
Are all moving chains and gears properly guarded?
Are splashguards mounted on machines that use coolant, to prevent the coolant from reaching employees?
Are methods provided to protect the operator and other employees in the machine area from hazards created at the point of operation, ingoing nip points, rotating parts, flying chips, and sparks?
Are machinery guards secure and so arranged that they do not offer a hazard in their use?
If special hand tools are used for placing and removing material, do they protect the operator's hands?
Are revolving drums, barrels, and containers required to be guarded by an enclosure that is interlocked with the drive mechanism, so that revolution cannot occur unless the guard enclosure is in place, so guarded?
Do arbors and mandrels have firm and secure bearings and are they free from play?
Are provisions made to prevent machines from automatically starting when power is restored after a power failure or shutdown?
Are machines constructed so as to be free from excessive vibration when the largest size tool is mounted and run at full speed?
If machinery is cleaned with compressed air, is air pressure controlled and personal protective equipment or other safeguards used to protect operators and other workers from eye and body injury?
Are fan blades protected with a guard having openings no larger than 1/2 inch, when operating within 7 feet of the floor?
Are saws used for ripping, equipped with anti-kick back devices and spreaders?
Are radial arm saws so arranged that the cutting head will gently return to the back of the table when released?
Is all machinery or equipment capable of movement, required to be de-energized or disengaged and blocked or locked out during cleaning, servicing, adjusting or setting up operations, whenever required?
Is the locking-out of control circuits in lieu of locking-out main power disconnects prohibited?
Are all equipment control valve handles provided with a means for locking-out?
Does the lockout procedure require that stored energy (i.e. mechanical, hydraulic, air,) be released or blocked before equipment is locked-out for repairs?
Are appropriate employees provided with individually keyed personal safety locks?
Are employees required to keep personal control of their key(s) while they have safety locks in use?
Is it required that employees check the safety of the lock out by attempting a start up after making sure no one is exposed?
Where the power disconnecting means for equipment does not also disconnect the electrical control circuit:
Are the appropriate electrical enclosures identified?
Are means provided to assure the control circuit can also be disconnected and locked out?
Are only authorized and trained personnel permitted to use welding, cutting or brazing equipment?
Do all operator have a copy of the appropriate operating instructions and are they directed to follow them?
Are compressed gas cylinders regularly examined for obvious signs of defects, deep rusting, or leakage?
Is care used in handling and storage of cylinders, safety valves, relief valves, and the like, to prevent damage?
Are precautions taken to prevent the mixture of air or oxygen with flammable gases, except at a burner or in a standard torch?
Are only approved apparatus (torches, regulators, pressure-reducing valves, acetylene generators, manifolds) used?
Are cylinders kept away from sources of heat?
Is it prohibited to use cylinders as rollers or supports?
Are empty cylinders appropriately marked their valves closed and valve-protection caps on?
Are signs reading: DANGER NO-SMOKING, MATCHES, OR OPEN LIGHTS, or the equivalent posted?
Are cylinders, cylinder valves, couplings, regulators, hoses, and apparatus keep free of oily or greasy substances?
Is care taken not to drop or strike cylinders?
Unless secured on special trucks, are regulators removed and valve-protection caps put in place before moving cylinders?
Do cylinders without fixed hand wheels have keys, handles, or non-adjustable wrenches on stem valves when in service?
Are liquefied gases stored and shipped valve-end up with valve covers in place?
Are employees instructed to never crack a fuel-gas cylinder valve near sources of ignition?
Before a regulator is removed, is the valve closed and gas released form the regulator?
Is red used to identify the acetylene (and other fuel-gas) hose, green for oxygen hose, and black for inert gas and air hose?
Are pressure-reducing regulators used only for the gas and pressures for which they are intended?
Is open circuit (No Load) voltage of arc welding and cutting machines as low as possible and not in excess of the recommended limits?
Under wet conditions, are automatic controls for reducing no-load voltage used?
Is grounding of the machine frame and safety ground connections of portable machines checked periodically?
Are electrodes removed from the holders when not in use?
Is it required that electric power to the welder be shut off when no one is in attendance?
Is suitable fire extinguishing equipment available for immediate use?
Is the welder forbidden to coil or loop welding electrode cable around his body?
Are wet machines thoroughly dried and tested before being used?
Are work and electrode lead cables frequently inspected for wear and damage, and replaced when needed?
Do means for connecting cables' lengths have adequate insulation?
When the object to be welded cannot be moved and fire hazards cannot be removed, are shields used to confine heat, sparks, and slag?
Are firewatchers assigned when welding or cutting is performed, in locations where a serious fire might develop?
Are combustible floors kept wet, covered by damp sand, or protected by fire-resistant shields?
When floors are wet down, are personnel protected from possible electrical shock?
When welding is done on metal walls, are precautions taken to protect combustibles on the other side?
Before hot work is begun, are used drums, barrels, tanks, and other containers so thoroughly cleaned that no substances remain that could explode, ignite, or produce toxic vapors?
Is it required that eye protection helmets, hand shields and goggles meet appropriate standards?
Are employees exposed to the hazards created by welding, cutting, or bracing operations protected with personal protective equipment and clothing?
Is a check made for adequate ventilation in and where welding or cutting is preformed?
When working in confined places are environmental monitoring tests taken and means provided for quick removal of welders in case of an emergency?
Are compressors equipped with pressure relief valves, and pressure gauges?
Are compressor air intakes installed and equipped to ensure that only clean uncontaminated air enters the compressor?
Are air filters installed on the compressor intake?
Are compressors operated and lubricated in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations?
Are safety devices on compressed air systems checked frequently?
Before any repair work is done on the pressure system of a compressor, is the pressure bled off and the system locked-out?
Are signs posted to warn of the automatic starting feature of the compressors?
Is the belt drive system totally enclosed to provide protection for the front, back, top, and sides?
Is it strictly prohibited to direct compressed air towards a person?
Are employees prohibited from using highly compressed air for cleaning purposes?
If compressed air is used for cleaning off clothing, is the pressure reduced to less than 10 psi?
When using compressed air for cleaning, do employees use personal protective equipment?
Are safety chains or other suitable locking devices used at couplings of high pressure hose lines where a connection failure would create a hazard?
Before compressed air is used to empty containers of liquid, is the safe working pressure of the container checked?
When compressed air is used with abrasive blast cleaning equipment, is the operating valve a type that must be held open manually?
When compressed air is used to inflate auto tires, is a clip-on chuck and an inline regulator preset to 40 psi required?
Is it prohibited to use compressed air to clean up or move combustible dust if such action could cause the dust to be suspended in the air and cause a fire or explosion hazard?
Is every receiver equipped with a pressure gauge and with one or more automatic, spring- loaded safety valves?
Is the total relieving capacity of the safety valve capable of preventing pressure in the receiver from exceeding the maximum allowable working pressure of the receiver by more than 10 percent?
Is every air receiver provided with a drainpipe and valve at the lowest point for the removal of accumulated oil and water?
Are compressed air receivers periodically drained of moisture and oil?
Are all safety valves tested frequently and at regular intervals to determine whether they are in good operating condition?
Is there a current operating permit issued by the Division of Occupational Safety and Health?
Is the inlet of air receivers and piping systems kept free of accumulated oil and carbonaceous materials?
Are cylinders with a water weight capacity over 30 pounds equipped with means for connecting a valve protector device, or with a collar or recess to protect the valve?
Are cylinders legibly marked to clearly identify the gas contained?
Are compressed gas cylinders stored in areas which are protected from external heat sources such as flame impingement, intense radiant heat, electric arcs, or high temperature lines?
Are cylinders located or stored in areas where they will not be damaged by passing or falling objects, or subject to tampering by unauthorized persons?
Are cylinders stored or transported in a manner to prevent them creating a hazard by tipping, falling or rolling?
Are cylinders containing liquefied fuel gas, stored or transported in a position so that the safety relief device is always in direct contact with the vapor space in the cylinder?
Are valve protectors always placed on cylinders when the cylinders are not in use or connected for use?
Are all valves closed off before a cylinder is moved, when the cylinder is empty, and at the completion of each job?
Are low pressure fuel-gas cylinders checked periodically for corrosion, general distortion, cracks, or any other defect that might indicate a weakness or render it unfit for service?
Does the periodic check of low pressure fuel-gas cylinders include a close inspection of the cylinders' bottom?
Is each overhead electric hoist equipped with a limit device to stop the hook travel at its highest and lowest point of safe travel?
Will each hoist automatically stop and hold any load up to 125 percent of its rated load, if its actuating force is removed?
Is the rated load of each hoist legibly marked and visible to the operator?
Are stops provided at the safe limits of travel for trolley hoist?
Are the controls of hoists plainly marked to indicate the direction of travel or motion?
Is each cage-controlled hoist equipped with an effective warning device?
Are close-fitting guards or other suitable devices installed on hoist to assure hoist ropes will be maintained in the sheave groves?
Are all hoist chains or ropes of sufficient length to handle the full range of movement for the application while still maintaining two full wraps on the drum at all times?
Are nip points or contact points between hoist ropes and sheaves which are permanently located within 7 feet of the floor, ground or working platform, guarded?
Is it prohibited to use chains or rope slings that are kinked or twisted?
Is it prohibited to use the hoist rope or chain wrapped around the load as a substitute, for a sling?
Is the operator instructed to avoid carrying loads over people?
Are only employees who have been trained in the proper use of hoists allowed to operate them?
Are only trained personnel allowed to operate industrial trucks?
Is substantial overhead protective equipment provided on high lift rider equipment?
Is the required lift truck operating rules posted and enforced?
Is directional lighting provided on each industrial truck that operates in an area with less than 2 foot candles per square foot of general lighting?
Does each industrial truck have a warning horn, whistle, gong or other device which can be clearly heard above the normal noise in the areas where operated?
Are the brakes on each industrial truck capable of bringing the vehicle to a complete and safe stop when fully loaded?
Will the industrial truck's parking brake effectively prevent the vehicle from moving when unattended?
Are industrial trucks operating in areas where flammable gases or vapors, or combustible dust or ignitable fibers may be present in the atmosphere, approved for such locations?
Are motorized hand and hand/rider trucks so designed that the brakes are applied, and power to the drive motor shuts off when the operator releases his/her grip on the device that controls the travel?
Are industrial trucks with internal combustion engine operated in buildings or enclosed areas, carefully checked to ensure such operations do not cause harmful concentration of dangerous gases or fumes?
Is adequate ventilation assured before spray operations are started?
Is mechanical ventilation provided when spraying operation is done in enclosed areas?
When mechanical ventilation is provided during spraying operations, is it so arranged that it will not circulate the contaminated air?
Is the spray area free of hot surfaces?
Is the spray area at least 20 feet from flames, sparks, operating electrical motors and other ignition sources?
Are portable lamps used to illuminate spray areas suitable for use in a hazardous location?
Is approved respiratory equipment provided and used when appropriate during spraying operations?
Do solvents used for cleaning have a flash point of 100E F or more?
Are fire control sprinkler heads kept clean?
Are "NO SMOKING" signs posted in spray areas, paint rooms, paint booths, and paint storage areas?
Is the spray area kept clean of combustible residue?
Are spray booths constructed of metal, masonry, or other substantial noncombustible material?
Are spray booth floors and baffles noncombustible and easily cleaned?
Is infrared drying apparatus kept out of the spray area during spraying operations?
Is the spray booth completely ventilated before using the drying apparatus?
Is the electric drying apparatus properly grounded?
Are lighting fixtures for spray booths located outside of the booth and the interior lighted through sealed clear panels?
Are the electric motors for exhaust fans placed outside booths or ducts?
Are belts and pulleys inside the booth fully enclosed?
Do ducts have access doors to allow cleaning?
Do all drying spaces have adequate ventilation?
Are confined spaces thoroughly emptied of any corrosive or hazardous substances, such as acids or caustics, before entry?
Before entry, are all lines to a confined space, containing inert, toxic, flammable, or corrosive materials valved off and blanked or disconnected and separated?
Is it required that all impellers, agitators, or other moving equipment inside confined spaces be locked-out if they present a hazard?
Is either natural or mechanical ventilation provided prior to confined space entry?
Before entry, are appropriate atmospheric tests performed to check for oxygen deficiency, toxic substance and explosive concentrations in the confined space before entry?
Is adequate illumination provided for the work to be performed in the confined space?
Is the atmosphere inside the confined space frequently tested or continuously monitor during conduct of work?
Is there an assigned safety standby employee outside of the confined space, whose sole responsibility is to watch the work in progress, sound an alarm if necessary, and render assistance?
Is the standby employee or other employees prohibited from entering the confined space without lifelines and respiratory equipment if there is any questions as to the cause of an emergency?
In addition to the standby employee, is there at least one other trained rescuer in the vicinity?
Are all rescuers appropriately trained and using approved, recently inspected equipment?
Does all rescue equipment allow for lifting employees vertically from a top opening?
Are there trained personnel in First Aid and CPR immediately available?
Is there an effective communication system in place whenever respiratory equipment is used and the employee in the confined space is out of sight of the standby person?
Is approved respiratory equipment required if the atmosphere inside the confined space cannot be made acceptable?
Is all portable electrical equipment used inside confined spaces either grounded and insulated, or equipped with ground fault protection?
Before gas welding or burning is started in a confined space, are hoses checked for leaks, compressed gas bottles forbidden inside of the confined space, torches lighted only outside of the confined area and the confined area tested for an explosive atmosphere each time before a lighted torch is to be taken into the confined space?
If employees will be using oxygen-consuming equipment such as salamanders, torches, furnaces, in a confined space, is sufficient air provided to assure combustion without reducing the oxygen concentration of the atmosphere below 19.5 percent by volume?
Whenever combustion-type equipment is used in confined space, are provisions made to ensure the exhaust gases are vented outside of the enclosure?
Is each confined space checked for decaying vegetation or animal matter, which may produce methane?
Is the confined space checked for possible industrial waste, which could contain toxic properties?
If the confined space is below the ground and near areas where motor vehicles will be operating, is it possible for vehicle exhaust or carbon monoxide to enter the space?
Are all work areas properly illuminated?
Are employees instructed in proper first aid and other emergency procedures?
Are hazardous substances identified which may cause harm by inhalation, ingestion, skin absorption or contact?
Are employees aware of the hazards involved with the various chemicals they may be exposed to in their work environment, such as ammonia, chlorine, epoxies, and caustics?
Is employee exposure to chemicals in the workplace kept within acceptable levels?
Can a less harmful method or product be used?
Is the work area's ventilation system appropriate for the work being performed?
Are spray painting operations done in spray rooms or booths equipped with an appropriate exhaust system?
Is employee exposure to welding fumes controlled by ventilation, use of respirators, exposure time, or other means?
Are welders and other workers nearby provided with flash shields during welding operations?
If forklifts and other vehicles are used in buildings or other enclosed areas, are the carbon monoxide levels kept below maximum acceptable concentration?
Has there been a determination that noise levels in the facilities are within acceptable levels?
Are steps being taken to use engineering controls to reduce excessive noise levels?
Are proper precautions being taken when handling asbestos and other fibrous materials?
Are caution labels and signs used to warn of asbestos?
Are wet methods used, when practicable, to prevent the emission of airborne asbestos fibers, silica dust and similar hazardous materials?
Is vacuuming with appropriate equipment used whenever possible rather than blowing or sweeping dust?
Are grinders, saws, and other machines that produce respirable dusts vented to an industrial collector or central exhaust system?
Are all local exhaust ventilation systems designed and operating properly such as airflow and volume necessary for the application? Are the ducts free of obstructions or the belts slipping?
Is personal protective equipment provided, used and maintained wherever required?
Are there written standard operating procedures for the selection and use of respirators where needed?
Are restrooms and washrooms kept clean and sanitary?
Is all water provided for drinking, washing, and cooking potable?
Are all outlets for water not suitable for drinking clearly identified?
Are employees' physical capacities assessed before being assigned to jobs requiring heavy work?
Are employees instructed in the proper manner of lifting heavy objects?
Where heat is a problem, have all fixed work areas been provided with spot cooling or air conditioning?
Are employees screened before assignment to areas of high heat to determine if their health condition might make them more susceptible to having an adverse reaction?
Are employees working on streets and roadways where they are exposed to the hazards of traffic, required to wear bright colored (traffic orange) warning vest?
Are exhaust stacks and air intakes located that contaminated air will not be recirculated within a building or other enclosed area?
Is equipment producing ultra-violet radiation properly shielded?
FLAMMABLE & COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS
Are combustible scrap, debris and waste materials (i.e. oily rags) stored in covered metal receptacles and removed from the worksite promptly?
Is proper storage practiced to minimize the risk of fire including spontaneous combustion?
Are approved containers and tanks used for the storage and handling of flammable and combustible liquids?
Are all connections on drums and combustible liquid piping, vapor and liquid tight?
Are all flammable liquids kept in closed containers when not in use (e.g. parts cleaning tanks, pans)?
Are bulk drums of flammable liquids grounded and bonded to containers during dispensing?
Do storage rooms for flammable and combustible liquids have explosion-proof lights?
Do storage rooms for flammable and combustible liquids have mechanical or gravity ventilation?
Is liquefied petroleum gas stored, handled, and used in accordance with safe practices and standards?
Are liquefied petroleum storage tanks guarded to prevent damage from vehicles?
Are all solvent wastes and flammable liquids kept in fire-resistant covered containers until they are removed from the worksite?
Is vacuuming used whenever possible rather than blowing or sweeping combustible dust?
Are fire separators placed between containers of combustibles or flammables, when stacked one upon another, to assure their support and stability?
Are fuel gas cylinders and oxygen cylinders separated by distance, fire resistant barriers or other means while in storage?
Are fire extinguishers selected and provided for the types of materials in areas where they are to be used?
Class A: Ordinary combustible material fires.
Class B: Flammable liquid, gas or grease fires.
Class C: Energized-electrical equipment fires.
If a Halon 1301 fire extinguisher is used, can employees evacuate within the specified time for that extinguisher?
Are appropriate fire extinguishers mounted within 75 feet of outside areas containing flammable liquids, and within 10 feet of any inside storage area for such materials?
Is the transfer/withdrawal of flammable or combustible liquids performed by trained personnel?
Are fire extinguishers mounted so that employees do not have to travel more than 75 feet for a class "A" fire or 50 feet for a class "B" fire?
Are employees trained in the use of fire extinguishers?
Are extinguishers free from obstructions or blockage?
Are all extinguishers serviced, maintained and tagged at intervals not to exceed one year?
Are all extinguishers fully charged and in their designated places?
Is a record maintained of required monthly checks of extinguishers?
Where sprinkler systems are permanently installed, are the nozzle heads directed or arranged so that water will not be sprayed into operating electrical switchboards and equipment?
Are "NO SMOKING" signs posted where appropriate in areas where flammable or combustible materials are used or stored?
Are "NO SMOKING" signs posted on liquefied petroleum gas tanks?
Are "NO SMOKING" rules enforced in areas involving storage and use of flammable materials?
Are safety cans used for dispensing flammable or combustible liquids at a point of use?
Are all spills of flammable or combustible liquids cleaned up promptly?
Are storage tanks adequately vented to prevent the development of excessive vacuum or pressure as a result of filling, emptying, or atmosphere temperature changes?
Are storage tanks equipped with emergency venting that will relieve excessive internal pressure caused by fire exposure?
Are spare portable or butane tanks, which are sued by industrial trucks stored in accord with regulations?
Do you have a fire prevention plan?
Does your plan describe the type of fire protection equipment and/or systems?
Have you established practices and procedures to control potential fire hazards and ignition sources?
Are employees aware of the fire hazards of the material and processes to which they are exposed?
Is your local fire department well acquainted with your facilities, location and specific hazards?
If you have a fire alarm system, is it tested at least annually?
If you have a fire alarm system, is it certified as required?
If you have interior standpipes and valves, are they inspected regularly?
If you have outside private fire hydrants, are they flushed at least once a year and on a routine preventive maintenance schedule?
Are fire doors and shutters in good operating condition?
Are fire doors and shutters unobstructed and protected against obstructions, including their counterweights?
Are fire door and shutter fusible links in place?
Are automatic sprinkler system water control valves, air and water pressures checked weekly/periodically as required?
Is maintenance of automatic sprinkler system assigned to responsible persons or to a sprinkler contractor?
Are sprinkler heads protected by metal guards, when exposed to physical damage?
Is proper clearance maintained below sprinkler heads?
Are portable fire extinguishers provided in adequate number and type?
Are fire extinguishers mounted in readily accessible locations?
Are fire extinguishers recharged regularly and noted on the inspection tag?
Are employees periodically instructed in the use of extinguishers and fire protection procedures?
Are employees trained in the safe handling practices of hazardous chemicals such as acids, caustics, and the like?
Are employees aware of the potential hazards involving various chemicals stored or used in the workplace--such as acids, bases, caustics, epoxies, and phenols?
Is employee exposure to chemicals kept within acceptable levels?
Are eye wash fountains and safety showers provided in areas where corrosive chemicals are handled?
Are all containers, such as vats and storage tanks labeled as to their contents--e.g. "CAUSTICS"?
Are all employees required to use personal protective clothing and equipment when handling chemicals (i.e. gloves, eye protection, and respirators)?
Are flammable or toxic chemicals kept in closed containers when not in use?
Are chemical piping systems clearly marked as to their content?
Where corrosive liquids are frequently handled in open containers or drawn from storage vessels or pipelines, are adequate means readily available for neutralizing or disposing of spills or overflows properly and safely?
Have standard operating procedures been established and are they being followed when cleaning up chemical spills?
Where needed for emergency use, are respirators stored in a convenient, clean and sanitary location?
Are respirators intended for emergency use adequate for the various uses for which they may be needed?
Are employees prohibited from eating in areas where hazardous chemicals are present?
Is personal protective equipment provided, used and maintained whenever necessary?
Are there written standard operating procedures for the selection and use of respirators where needed?
If you have a respirator protection program, are your employees instructed on the correct usage and limitations of the respirators?
Are the respirators NIOSH approved for this particular application?
Are they regularly inspected and cleaned sanitized and maintained?
If hazardous substances are used in your processes, do you have a medical or biological monitoring system in operation?
Are you familiar with the Threshold Limit Values or Permissible Exposure Limits of airborne contaminants and physical agents used in your workplace?
Have control procedures been instituted for hazardous materials, where appropriate, such as respirators, ventilation systems, handling practices, and the like?
Whenever possible, are hazardous substances handled in properly designed and exhausted booths or similar locations?
Do you use general dilution or local exhaust ventilation systems to control dusts, vapors, gases, fumes, smoke, solvents or mists which may be generated in your workplace?
Is ventilation equipment provided for removal of contaminants from such operations as production grinding, buffing, spray painting, and/or vapor decreasing, and is it operating properly?
Do employees complain about dizziness, headaches, nausea, irritation, or other factors of discomfort when they use solvents or other chemicals?
Is there a dermatitis problem--do employees complain about skin dryness, irritation, or sensitization?
Have you considered the use of an industrial hygienist or environmental health specialist to evaluate your operation?
If internal combustion engines are used, is carbon monoxide kept within acceptable levels?
Is vacuuming used, rather than blowing or sweeping dusts whenever possible for clean up?
Are materials, which give off toxic asphyxiates, suffocating or anesthetic fumes, stored in remote or isolated locations when not in use?
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES COMMUNICATION
Is there a list of hazardous substances used in your workplace?
Is there a written hazard communication program dealing with Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) labeling, and employee training?
Who is responsible for MSDSs, container labeling, employee training?
Is each container for a hazardous substance (i.e. vats, bottles, storage tanks,) labeled with product identity and a hazard warning (communication of the specific health hazards and physical hazards)?
Is there a Material Safety Data Sheet readily available for each hazardous substance used?
How will you inform other employers whose employees share the same work area where the hazardous substances are used?
Is there an employee training program for hazardous substances?
Does this program include:
An explanation of what an MSDS is and how to use and obtain one?
MSDS contents for each hazardous substance or class of substances?
Explanation of "Right to Know"?
Identification of where employees can see the employer's written hazard communication program and where hazardous substances are present in their work area?
The physical and health hazards of substances in the work area, how to detect their presence, and specific protective measures to be used?
Details of the hazard communication program, including how to use the labeling system and MSDSs?
How employees will be informed of hazards of non-routine tasks, and hazards of unlabeled pipes?
Are your workplace electricians familiar with the Cal/OSHA Electrical Safety Orders?
Do you specify compliance with Cal/OSHA for all contract electrical work?
Are all employees required to report as soon as practicable any obvious hazard to life or property observed in connection with electrical equipment or lines?
Are employees instructed to make preliminary inspections and/or appropriate tests to determine what conditions exist before starting work on electrical equipment or lines?
When electrical equipment or lines are to be serviced, maintained or adjusted, are necessary switches opened, locked-out and tagged whenever possible?
Are portable electrical tools and equipment grounded or of the double insulated type?
Are electrical appliances such as vacuum cleaners, polishers, vending machines grounded?
Do extension cords being used have a grounding conductor?
Are multiple plug adapters prohibited?
Are ground-fault circuit interrupters installed on each temporary 15 or 20 ampere, 120 volt AC circuit at locations where construction, demolition, modifications, alterations or excavations are being performed?
Are all temporary circuits protected by suitable disconnecting switches or plug connectors at the junction with permanent wiring?
Is exposed wiring and cords with frayed or deteriorated insulation repaired or replaced promptly?
Are flexible cords and cables free of splices or taps?
Are clamps or other securing means provided on flexible cords or cables at plugs, receptacles, tools, and equipment and is the cord jacket securely held in place?
Are all cord, cable and raceway connections intact and secure?
In wet or damp locations, are electrical tools and equipment appropriate for the use or location or otherwise protected?
Is the location of electrical power lines and cables (overhead, underground, underfloor, other side of walls) determined before digging, drilling or similar work is begun?
Are metal measuring tapes, ropes, handlines or similar devices with metallic thread woven into the fabric prohibited where they could come in contact with energized parts of equipment or circuit conductors?
Is the use of metal ladders prohibited in area where the ladder or the person using the ladder could come in contact with energized parts of equipment, fixtures or circuit conductors?
Are all disconnecting switches and circuit breakers labeled to indicate their use or equipment served?
Are disconnecting means always opened before fuses are replaced?
Do all interior wiring systems include provisions for grounding metal parts of electrical raceways, equipment and enclosures?
Are all electrical raceways and enclosures securely fastened in place?
Are all energized parts of electrical circuits and equipment guarded against accidental contact by approved cabinets or enclosures?
Is sufficient access and working space provided and maintained about all electrical equipment to permit ready and safe operations and maintenance?
Are all unused openings (including conduit knockouts) in electrical enclosures and fittings closed with appropriate covers, plugs or plates?
Are electrical enclosures such as switches, receptacles, junction boxes, etc., provided with tight-fitting covers or plates?
Are disconnecting switches for electrical motors in excess of two horsepower, capable of opening the circuit when the motor is in a stalled condition, without exploding? (Switches must be horsepower rated equal to or in excess of the motor hp rating).
Is low voltage protection provided in the control device of motors driving machines or equipment, which could cause probably injury from inadvertent starting?
Is each motor disconnecting switch or circuit breaker located within sight of the motor control device?
Is each motor located within sight of its controller or the controller disconnecting means capable of being locked in the open position or is a separate disconnecting means installed in the circuit within sight of the motor?
Is the controller for each motor in excess of two horsepower, rated in horsepower equal to or in excess of the rating of the motor is serves?
Are employees who regularly work on or around energized electrical equipment or lines instructed in the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) methods?
Are employees prohibited from working alone on energized lines or equipment over 600 volts?
Are there areas in the workplace where continuous noise levels exceed 85 dBA? (To determine maximum allowable levels for intermittent or impact noise, see Title 8, Section 5097.)
Are noise levels being measured using a sound level meter or an octave band analyzer and records being kept?
Have you tried isolating noisy machinery from the rest of your operation?
Have engineering controls been used to reduce excessive noise levels?
Where engineering controls are determined not feasible, are administrative controls (i.e. worker rotation) being used to minimize individual employee exposure to noise?
Is there an ongoing preventive health program to educate employees in safe levels of noise and exposure, effects of noise on their health, and use of personal protection?
Is the training repeated annually for employees exposed to continuous noise above 85 dBA?
Have work areas where noise levels make voice communication between employees difficult been identified and posted?
Is approved hearing protective equipment (noise attenuating devices) available to every employee working in areas where continuous noise levels exceed 85 dBA?
If you use ear protectors, are employees properly fitted and instructed in their use and care?
Are employees exposed to continuous noise above 85 dBA given periodic audiometric testing to ensure that you have an effective hearing protection system?
Is it prohibited to fuel an internal combustion engine with a flammable liquid while the engine is running?
Are fueling operations done in such a manner that likelihood of spillage will be minimal?
When spillage occurs during fueling operations, is the spilled fuel cleaned up completely, evaporated, or other measures taken to control vapors before restarting the engine?
Are fuel tank caps replaced and secured before starting the engine?
In fueling operations is there always metal contact between the container and fuel tank?
Are fueling hoses of a type designed to handle the specific type of fuel?
Is it prohibited to handle or transfer gasoline in open containers?
Are open lights, open flames, or sparking or arcing equipment prohibited near fueling or transfer of fuel operations?
Is smoking prohibited in the vicinity of fueling operations?
Are fueling operations prohibited in building or other enclosed areas that are not specifically ventilated for this purpose?
Where fueling or transfer of fuel is done through a gravity flow system, are the nozzles of the self-closing type?
IDENTIFICATION OF PIPING SYSTEMS
When non-potable water is piped through a facility, are outlets or taps posted to alert employees that it is unsafe and not to be used for drinking, washing or other personal use?
When hazardous substances are transported through above ground piping, is each pipeline identified at points where confusion could introduce hazards to employees?
When pipelines are identified by color painting, are all visible parts of the line so identified?
When pipelines are identified by color painted bands or tapes, are the bands or tapes located at reasonable intervals and at each outlet, valve or connection?
When pipelines are identified by color, is the color code posted at all locations where confusion could introduce hazards to employees?
When the contents of pipelines are identified by name or name abbreviation, is the information readily visible on the pipe near each valve or outlet?
When pipelines carrying hazardous substances are identified by tags, are the tags constructed of durable materials, the message carried clearly ad permanently distinguishable and are tags installed at each valve or outlet?
When pipelines are heated by electricity, steam or other external source, are suitable warning signs or tags placed at unions, valves, or other serviceable parts of the system?
Is there safe clearance for equipment through aisles and doorways?
Are aisleways designated, permanently marked, and kept clear to allow unhindered passage?
Are motorized vehicles and mechanized equipment inspected daily or prior to use?
Are vehicles shut off and brakes set prior to loading or unloading?
Are containers or combustibles or flammables, when stacked while being moved, always separated by dunnage sufficient to provide stability?
Are dock boards (bridge plates) used when loading or unloading operations are taking place between vehicles and docks?
Are trucks and trailers secured from movement during loading and unloading operations?
Are dock plates and loading ramps constructed and maintained with sufficient strength to support imposed loading?
Are hand trucks maintained in safe operating condition?
Are chutes equipped with sideboards of sufficient height to prevent the materials being handled from falling off?
Are chutes and gravity roller sections firmly placed or secured to prevent displacement?
At the delivery end of rollers or chutes, are provisions made to brake the movement of the handled materials.
Are pallets usually inspected before being loaded or moved?
Are Material Safety Data Sheets available to employees handling hazardous substancess
Slings, Hoists and Rigging
Are hooks with safety latches or other arrangements used when hoisting materials so that slings or load attachments won't accidentally slip off the hoist hooks?
Are securing chains, ropes, chockers or slings adequate for the job and within the rated capacity for the lift to be performed?
When hoisting material or equipment, are provisions made to assure no one will be passing under the suspended loads?
Have the chains, ropes or slings been visually inspected to for excess wear or damage?
Have the chains, ropes or slings been rigged to be as vertical as possible to minimize excess horizontal strain forces?
TRANSPORTING EMPLOYEES & MATERIALS
Do employees who operate vehicles on public thoroughfares have valid operator's licenses?
When seven or more employees are regularly transported in a van, bus or truck, is the operator's license appropriate for the class of vehicle being driven?
Is each van, bus or truck used regularly to transport employees, equipped with an adequate number of seats?
Are all passengers and the driver wearing seatbelts?
When employees are transported by truck, are provision provided to prevent their falling from the vehicle?
Are vehicles used to transport employees, equipped with lamps, brakes, horns, mirrors, windshields and turn signals in good repair?
Are transport vehicles provided with handrails, steps, stirrups or similar devices, so placed and arranged that employees can safely mount or dismount?
Are employee transport vehicles equipped at all times with at least two reflective type flares?
Is a full charged fire extinguisher, in good condition, with at least 4 B:C rating maintained in each employee transport vehicle?
When cutting tools with sharp edges are carried in passenger compartments of employee transport vehicles, are they placed in closed boxes or containers which are secured in place?
Are loads properly tied off and secured so they will not shift or come off during transport and are loads sticking past the back of the vehicle flagged at the ends for other drivers to see?
Are employees prohibited from riding on top of any load, which can shift, topple, or otherwise become unstable?
The operator will inspect each vehicle or piece of equipment on a daily basis before and after operation. Each operator is responsible for the safe condition of the equipment. No employee may drive a vehicle having steering, brake, or other safety problems until a
mechanic has made repairs.
Drivers will report any other unsafe conditions to their supervisor as soon as safely possible.
The operator is prohibited from texting and/or other activities that distract from driving.
Aggressive driving, including tailgating, speeding, running red lights, rudeness to other motorists and not signaling a lane change, is prohibited.
CONTROL OF HARMFUL SUBSTANCES BY VENTILATION
Is the volume and velocity of air in each exhaust system sufficient to gather the dusts, fumes, mists, vapors or gases to be controlled, and to convey them to a suitable point of disposal?
Are exhaust inlets, ducts and plenums designed, constructed, and supported to prevent collapse or failure of any part of the system?
Are clean-out ports or doors provided at intervals not to exceed 12 feet in all horizontal runs of exhaust ducts?
Where two or more different type of operations are being controlled through the same exhaust system, will the combination of substances being controlled, constitute a fire, explosion or chemical reaction hazard in the duct?
Is adequate makeup air provided to areas where exhaust systems are operating?
Is the intake for makeup air located so that only clean, fresh air, which is free of contaminates, will enter the work environment?
Where two or more ventilation systems are serving a work area, is their operation such that one will not offset the functions of the other?
SANITIZING EQUIPMENT & CLOTHING
Is personal protective clothing or equipment, that employees are required to wear or use, of a type capable of being easily cleaned and disinfected?
Are employees prohibited from interchanging personal protective clothing or equipment, unless it has been properly cleaned?
Are machines and equipment, which processes, handle or apply materials that could be injurious to employees, cleaned and/or decontaminated before being overhauled or placed in storage?
Are employees prohibited from smoking or eating in any area where contaminates are present that could be injurious if ingested?
When employees are required to change from street clothing into protective clothing, is a clean change room with separate storage facility for street and protective clothing provided?
Are employees required to shower and wash their hair as soon as possible after a known contact has occurred with a carcinogen?
When equipment, materials, or other items are taken into or removed from a carcinogen regulated area, is it done in a manner that will not contaminate non-regulated areas or the external environment?
Where tires are mounted and/or inflated on drop center wheels is a safe practice procedure posted and enforced?
Where tires are mounted and/or inflated on wheels with split rims and/or retainer rings is a safe practice procedure posted and enforced?
Does each tire inflation hose have a clip-on chuck with at least 24 inches of hose between the chuck and an in-line hand valve and gauge?
Does the tire inflation control valve automatically shut off the airflow when the valve is released?
Is a tire restraining device such as a cage, rack or other effective means used while inflating tires mounted on split rims, or rims using retainer rings?
Are employees strictly forbidden from taking a position directly over or in front of a tire while it's being inflated?
Are you required to have an emergency action plan?
Does the emergency action plan comply with requirements of T8CCR 3220(a)?
Have emergency escape procedures and routes been developed and communicated to all employers?
Do employees, who remain to operate critical plant operations before they evacuate, know the proper procedures?
Is the employee alarm system that provides a warning for emergency action recognizable and perceptible above ambient conditions?
Are alarm systems properly maintained and tested regularly?
Is the emergency action plan reviewed and revised periodically?
Do employees now their responsibilities:
For reporting emergencies?
During an emergency?
For conducting rescue and medical duties?
Are employees potentially exposed to infectious agents in body fluids?
Have occasions of potential occupational exposure been identified and documented?
Has a training and information program been provided for employees exposed to or potentially exposed to blood and/or body fluids?
Have infection control procedures been instituted where appropriate, such as ventilation, universal precautions, workplace practices, and personal protective equipment?
Are employees aware of specific workplace practices to follow when appropriate? (Hand washing, handling sharp instruments, handling of laundry, disposal of contaminated materials, reusable equipment.)
Is personal protective equipment provided to employees, and in all appropriate locations?
Is the necessary equipment (i.e. mouthpieces, resuscitation bags, and other ventilation devices) provided for administering mouth-to-mouth resuscitation on potentially infected patients?
Are facilities/equipment to comply with workplace practices available, such as hand- washing sinks, biohazard tags and labels, needle containers, detergents/disinfectants to clean up spills?
Are all equipment and environmental and working surfaces cleaned and disinfected after contact with blood or potentially infectious materials?
Is infectious waste placed in closable, leak proof containers, bags or puncture-resistant holders with proper labels?
Has medical surveillance including HBV evaluation, antibody testing and vaccination been made available to potentially exposed employees?
Training on universal precautions?
Training on personal protective equipment?
Training on workplace practices, which should include blood drawing, room cleaning, laundry handling, clean up of blood spills?
Training on needle stick exposure/management?
Hepatitis B vaccinations?
Can the work be performed without eyestrain or glare to the employees?
Does the task require prolonged raising of the arms?
Do the neck and shoulders have to be stooped to view the task?
Are there pressure points on any parts of the body (wrists, forearms, back of thighs)?
Can the work be done using the larger muscles of the body?
Can the work be done without twisting or overly bending the lower back?
Are there sufficient rest breaks, in addition to the regular rest breaks, to relieve stress from repetitive-motion tasks?
Are tools, instruments and machinery shaped, positioned and handled so that tasks can be performed comfortably?
Are all pieces of furniture adjusted, positioned and arranged to minimize strain on all parts of the body?
MANUAL LIFTING AND MATERIAL HANDLING
Think before lifting.
Find a better way. If possible, use mechanical help from a pushcart or hand truck.
If the load is heavy or awkward to lift alone, get help. Team lifting cuts the load in half and reduces likelihood of injury.
Break the load down into smaller lifts if possible. It is better to make two or more light trips than one heavy trip.
If possible, bring the load up between the knees and waist before lifting.
Do not lift on slippery surfaces.
Test the load before doing the lift; determine how heavy it is by giving it a shove.
Ensure a good handhold on the load before attempting to lift.
Keep the load close. Walk as closely as possible to the load.
Do not jerk the load or speed up. Lift the load in a smooth and controlled manner.
Do not lift in an awkward position or twist while lifting (especially with a heavy load). Turn and take a step.
Avoid long forward reaches and bending your back. Use a step stool or platform if necessary.
Make sure you have plenty of room to lift and to set down the object.
If you are lifting an object above your head, get a ladder or step stool.
VENTILATION FOR INDOOR AIR QUALITY
Does your HVAC system provide at least the quantity of outdoor air required by the State Building Standards Code, Title 24, Part 2 at the time the building was constructed?
Is the HVAC system inspected at least annually, and problems corrected?
Are inspection records retained for at least 5 years?
HEAVY EQUIPMENT OPERATION
Make sure you’ve been properly and sufficiently trained on the equipment you’re using by qualified, experienced people
Be aware, stay alert and know your equipment’s blind spots – whether you’re the operator or just working around it
Communicate with people working around you – either via two-way radios or a spotter who’s been trained on standard hand signals. Never assume people know what you’re going to be doing
Always wear high-visibility clothing and work boots
Always wear your seat belt. It seems obvious, but it’s easily forgotten. In case of a rollover this can be a life saver
Don't climb on or get off equipment while it's moving
Never exceed the load that a machine is rated to carry
Climb on and off equipment properly. Falls are still the number one cause of injury, so never jump off equipment and always use three-point contact (both feet and one hand or one foot and both hands on the holds at all times) when climbing on or off equipment
Always do a walk around and inspect the equipment before you start using it. Check tires, tracks, components and other mechanisms for cracks, damage or anything caught in them
Always load and unload equipment on level ground to reduce the risk of rollovers, and keep the area clear
Be aware of any overhead or underground utilities the machine could come in contact with and take appropriate steps to avoid contact
Make sure utilities are marked out before digging or drilling
Never have personnel where they could be pinned and crushed between the machinery and a wall, corner or other object
Never have working under a raised bucket or arm
Skid Steers
Always travel with the bucket or attachments as low as possible
Always leave the bucket or attachments lowered to the ground when not in operation
Only enter when the bucket or attachments are lowered to the ground
Always set the brake when leaving the machine
Avoid traveling across slopes; travel straight up or down with the heavy end of the machine pointed uphill
Always face the direction of travel
Are the cranes visually inspected for defective components prior to the beginning of any work shift?
Are all electrically operated cranes effectively grounded?
Is a crane preventive maintenance program established?
Is the load chart clearly visible to the operator?
Are operating controls clearly identified?
Is a fire extinguisher provided at the operator's station?
Is the rated capacity visibly marked on each crane?
Is an audible warning device mounted on each crane?
Is sufficient illumination provided for the operator to perform the work safely?
Are cranes of such design, that the boom could fall over backward, equipped with boom stops?
Does each crane have a certificate indicating that required testing and examinations have been performed?
Are crane inspection and maintenance records maintained and available for inspection?
Competent Person
EXCAVATION OPERATIONS
All projects must have a person qualified and certified to provide first aid
A competent person must address the following concerns:
Evaluate soil conditions and if necessary, select appropriate protective systems
Preplan; contact utilities (gas, electric) to locate underground lines, plan for traffic control if necessary, and determine proximity to structures that could affect the choice of protective systems
Provide safe access into and out of the excavation
Provide appropriate protections if water accumulation is a problem
Inspect the site daily at the start of each shift, following a rainstorm, or after any other hazard increasing event
Keep excavations open the minimum amount of time needed to complete operations
Precautions
Excavated materials (spoils) at your site are hazardous if they are set too close to the edge of a trench/excavation. The weight of the spoils can cause a cave-in, or spoils and equipment can roll back on top of workers, causing serious injuries or death.
Temporary spoil must be placed at least 2 feet from the surface edge of the excavation, measured from the nearest base of the spoil to the cut. Do not measure this distance from the crown of the spoil deposit. This distance requirement ensures that loose rock or soil from the temporary spoil will not fall on employees in the trench.
Spoil should be placed so that it channels rainwater and other run-off water away from the excavation. Spoil should be placed so that it cannot accidentally run, slide, or fall back into the excavation.
Care should be taken using heavy equipment close to the edges, as it adds additional weight and vibration and could cause the edge to fail.
Excavation below the level of the base or footing of any foundation or retaining wall that could be reasonably expected to pose a hazard to employees will not be permitted except when:
A support system, such as shoring, bracing, or underpinning, is provided to ensure the safety of employees and the stability of the structure
The excavation is in stable rock
A registered professional engineer has approved the work and determined that the structure is sufficiently removed from the excavation and will be unaffected by the excavation activity or that such excavation work will not pose a hazard to employees
Provide scaling to remove loose rock or soil, or install protective barricades and other equivalent protection to protect employees from falling rock, soil, or other materials
Prohibit employees from working on faces of sloped or benched excavations at levels above other employees unless employees at lower levels are properly protected from falling, rolling, or sliding material or equipment hazards
Personnel will not be permitted under loads handled by lifting or digging equipment. Employees will be required to stand away from any vehicle being loaded or unloaded to avoid being struck by any spillage or falling materials. Operators may remain in the cabs of vehicles being loaded or unloaded when the vehicles are equipped with regulation protection for the operator during loading and unloading operations.
Access and exits from trenches
Trenches 4 feet or more in depth should be provided with a fixed means of egress
Spacing between ladders or other means of egress must be such that a worker will not have to travel more than 25 feet laterally to the nearest means of egress
Ladders must be placed within the area protected by the shoring or trench box
Ladders must be secured and extend a minimum of 36 inches above the landing
Metal ladders should be used with caution, particularly when electric utilities are present
Anyone climbing up or down must always face the ladder and maintain 3-point contact. This means that two hands and one foot or two feet and one hand must be on the ladder at all times. Maintaining 3-point contact means hands must be free for climbing. Tools and materials should not be carried up or down ladders.
Walkways will be provided where employees or equipment are required or permitted to cross over excavations. Regulation guardrails will be provided where walkways are 6 feet or
more above lower levels
Utilities
Before digging or drilling, underground utilities must be marked out.
Mechanical excavation equipment should not be used within the boundary limits of underground utility location marks without first digging a hole or holes using the procedure below to determine the underground utility's exact center line and elevation.
When any damage to any pipe, cable, or any other underground utility occurs, you must immediately notify the utility company
If an energized electrical cable is severed, an energized conductor is exposed, or dangerous fluids or gases are escaping from a broken line, evacuate personnel from the immediate area until the utility company representative arrives
Traffic
On trenching projects along public roadways, the construction crew must be protected from traffic. There needs to be:
Traffic Control Persons using signs
Warning signs
Barriers
Lane control devices
Supervisors must train Traffic Control Persons on site and explain the nature of the project, where construction equipment will be operating, and how public traffic will flow.
Traffic Control Persons must wear a fluorescent or bright orange safety vest.
Training must also include the proper use of the STOP/SLOW sign, where to stand, how to signal, and communication with other Traffic Control Persons.
Soil Classifications
Soil and rock deposits are categorized into four basic types:
Each soil and rock deposit will be classified by a competent person as Stable Rock, Type A, Type B, Type C, or layered strata, in accordance with OSHA definitions
The classification of the deposits will be made based on the results of at least one visual and at least one manual analysis. Such analyses will be conducted by a competent person using approved methods of soil classification and testing
Layered systems will be classified according to its weakest layer. However, each layer may be classified individually where a more stable layer lies under a less stable layer
Stable rock is natural solid mineral matter that can be excavated with vertical sides and remain intact while exposed. It is usually identified by a rock name such as granite or sandstone. Determining whether a deposit is of this type may be difficult unless it is known whether cracks exist and whether or not the cracks run into or away from the excavation.
Type A soils are cohesive soils with an unconfined compressive strength of 1.5 tons per square foot (tsf) or greater. Examples of Type A cohesive soils are often: clay, silty clay, sandy clay, clay loam and, in some cases, silty clay loam and sandy clay loam. No soil is Type A if it is fissured, is subject to vibration of any type, has previously been disturbed, is part of a sloped, layered system where the layers dip into the excavation on a slope of 4 horizontal to 1 vertical (4H:1V) or greater, or has seeping water.
Type B soils are cohesive soils with an unconfined compressive strength greater than 0.5 tsf but less than 1.5 tsf. Examples of other Type B soils are: angular gravel; silt; silt loam; previously disturbed soils unless otherwise classified as Type C; soils that meet the unconfined compressive strength or cementation requirements of Type A soils but are fissured or subject to vibration; dry unstable rock; layered systems sloping into the trench at a slope less than 4H: 1V (only if the material would be classified as a Type B soil).
Type C soils are cohesive soils with an unconfined compressive strength of 0.5 tsf or less.
Other Type C soils include granular soils such as gravel, sand and loamy sand, submerged soil, soil from which water is freely seeping, and submerged rock that is not stable. Also included in this classification is material in a sloped, layered system where the layers dip into the excavation or have a slope of four horizontal to one vertical (4H: 1V) or greater.
Many kinds of equipment and methods are used to determine the type of soil prevailing in an area.
Pocket Penetrometer
Shearvane (Torvane)
Thumb Penetration Test
Dry Strength Test
Plasticity or Wet Thread Test
Visual Test
Shoring, Sloping and Benching
There are four methods each for sloping and shoring, including the use of shields to provide the required level of protection against cave-ins.
Timber, aluminum, or other suitable materials may also be used. Employers are permitted to use a trench shield as long as the protection it provides is equal to or greater than the protection that would be provided by the appropriate shoring system.
Employers are free to choose the most practical option for the circumstances. Once an option has been selected, however, that system must meet required performance criteria.
There are two basic types of benching, simple, and multiple. The type of soil determines the horizontal to vertical ratio of the benched side
As a rule, the bottom vertical height of the trench must not exceed 4 feet for the first bench. Subsequent benches may be up to a maximum of 5 feet vertical in Type A soil and 4 feet in Type B soil to a total trench depth of 20 feet. All subsequent benches must be below the maximum allowable slope for that soil type. For Type B soil, the trench excavation is permitted in cohesive soil only.
Soil Type Height to Depth Ratio Slope Angle:
Stable Rock Vertical 90°
Type A . 3/4:1 53°
Type B 1:1 45°
Type C 1 1/2:1 34°
Type A (short-term) 1/2:1 63°
HEAT ILLNESS PREVENTION
Heat Cramps
Heat cramps usually affect workers who sweat a lot during strenuous activity. This sweating depletes the body's salt and moisture levels. Low salt levels in muscles can cause painful cramps. Heat cramps may also be a symptom of heat exhaustion. Workers with heat cramps should:
Stop all activity, and sit in a cool place
Drink clear juice or a sports beverage
Not return to strenuous work for a few hours after the cramps subside because further exertion may lead to heat exhaustion or heat stroke
Seek medical attention if any of the following apply:
The worker has heart problems
The worker is on a low-sodium diet
The cramps do not subside within one hour
Heat Syncope
Heat syncope is a fainting (syncope) episode or dizziness that usually occurs in a warm environment when the body’s blood pressure drops while attempting to dissipate heat. The result is less blood to the brain, causing light-headedness and fainting when a person stands up quickly or stands for a long period. Those who perform strenuous work outside in warm climates are at particular risk.
Workers with heat syncope should:
Sit or lie down in a cool place when they begin to feel symptoms
Slowly drink water, clear juice, or a sports beverage
Heat Exhaustion
Heat exhaustion is the body's response to an excessive loss of the water and salt, usually through excessive sweating. Workers most prone to heat exhaustion are those that are elderly, have high blood pressure, and those working in a hot environment.
Symptoms of heat exhaustion include:
Heavy sweating and/or cold, clammy skin
Extreme weakness or fatigue
Excessive thirst
Dizziness, confusion, or hallucinations
Nausea
Slowed or weakened heartbeat
Pale or flushed complexion
Muscle aches and cramps
Slightly elevated body temperature
Fast and shallow breathing
Chills
Throbbing headache
High body temperature
Slurred speech
Heat Stroke
Heat stroke is the most serious heat-related disorder. It occurs when the body becomes unable to control its temperature, the body's temperature rises rapidly, the sweating mechanism fails, and the body is unable to cool down. When heat stroke occurs, the body temperature can rise to 106 degrees Fahrenheit or higher within 10 to 15 minutes. Heat stroke can cause death or permanent disability if emergency treatment is not given.
Symptoms of heat stroke include:
Nausea and vomiting
Headache
Dizziness or fainting
Fatigue
Hot, flushed, dry skin
Rapid or slowed heart rate
Decreased sweating o Shortness of breath o Decreased urination
Blood in urine or stool
Increased body temperature (104 degrees to 106 degrees F)
Confusion, delirium, or loss of consciousness
Convulsions
Heat stroke can occur suddenly, without any symptoms of heat exhaustion. If a person is experiencing any symptoms of heat exhaustion or heat stroke, GET MEDICAL CARE IMMEDIATELY. Any delay could be fatal.
Take the following steps to treat a worker with heat stroke:
Call 911 and notify their supervisor
Move the sick worker to a cool shaded area
Cool the worker by either:
Soaking their clothes with water
Spraying, sponging, or showering them with water
Fanning their body
Requirements
Access to Shade on site
Potable water on site
Employees will be allowed and encouraged to take a cool-down rest in the shade for a period of no less than five minutes at a time, when they feel the need to do so to protect themselves from overheating.
When temperatures are over 95 degrees Fahrenheit.
Communication by voice, observation, or electronic means is maintained o Observing employees for alertness and signs or symptoms of heat illness o Reminding employees throughout the work shift to drink plenty of water
Prevention
Many heat disorders involve excessive dehydration of the body, it is essential to prevent dehydration by:
Drinking water the night before working in hot weather
Drinking frequently and lots of water while working in the heat
Not consuming alcohol the night before, or caffeine before or during working in heat: these will dehydrate you
Take frequent breaks in cool, shady areas
Acclimatize to the heat by increasing exposure over several days
Be aware of excessive heat outlooks and warnings
Clothing should be lighter color to reflect sun, and should contain as much cotton as possible.
Wear sunscreen
Wear a shading devise with your hard hat
Use UV eye protection (if possible)
Look after each other in a “buddy system”
OSHA-Suggested Heat Index Thresholds
<91°F Lower Caution Basic heat safety and planning
91°F – 103°F Moderate Implement precautions and heighten awareness
103°F – 115°F High Additional precautions to protect workers
>115°F Very high/Extreme Even more aggressive measures
ELEMENT 5 - ACCIDENT/EXPOSURE INVESTIGATIONS
Investigation of workplace accidents, hazardous substance exposures and near-accidents will be done by Project Manager, Foreman, or Supervisor, and will include:
Visiting the scene as soon as possible;
Interviewing affected workers and witnesses;
Examining the workplace for factors associated with the accident/exposure/near-accident;
Determining the causes of the accident/exposure/near-accident;
Taking corrective action to prevent the accident/exposure/near-accident from reoccurring; and
Recording the findings and corrective actions taken on the attached OSHA Form 301.
SUPERVISOR’S REPORT OF ACCIDENT
Date of Injury: Time:
Date Employee Reported Incident:
Department:
Job Title:
How Did Injury Occur? (Please give detailed description of accident)
Head | | Neck | | Arm | Leg | | Foot | |
Face | | Back | | Hand | Knee | | Toe | |
Eye | | Chest | | Finger | Ankle | | Other |
|
What Action Was Taken?
First Aid Treatment Given – If So,By Whom:
Treatment with a Physician?
Did Injured Employee Continue Working? __________________________________________________________
Witnesses (Please Give Names):
Location Of Accident:
What was the employee doing when injured?
Reason for unsafe conditions:
How can we prevent these types of accidents in the future?
Supervisor’s Signature Date
ELEMENT 6 - HAZARD CORRECTION
Unsafe or unhealthy work conditions, practices or procedures shall be corrected in a timely manner based on the severity of the hazards. Hazards shall be corrected according to the following procedures:
When observed or discovered;
When an imminent hazard exists which cannot be immediately abated without endangering employee(s) and/or property, we will remove all exposed workers from the area except those necessary to correct the existing condition. Workers necessary to correct the hazardous condition shall be provided with the necessary protection; and
All such actions taken and dates they are completed shall be documented on the appropriate forms.
HAZARD ASSESSMENT & CORRECTION RECORD
ELEMENT 7 - TRAINING AND INSTRUCTION
All workers, including managers and supervisors, shall have training and instruction on general and job-specific safety and health practices. Training and instruction shall be provided as follows:
When the IIP Program is first established;
To all new workers, except for construction workers who are provided training through a Cal/OSHA approved construction industry occupational safety and health training program;
To all workers given new job assignments for which training has not previously provided;
Whenever new substances, processes, procedures or equipment are introduced to the workplace and represent a new hazard;
Whenever the employer is made aware of a new or previously unrecognized hazard;
To supervisors to familiarize them with the safety and health hazards to which workers under their immediate direction and control may be exposed; and
To all workers with respect to hazards specific to each employee's job assignment.
Workplace safety and health practices for all industries include, but are not limited to, the following:
Explanation of the employer's IIP Program, emergency action plan and fire prevention plan, and measures for reporting any unsafe conditions, work practices, injuries and when additional instruction is needed.
Use of appropriate clothing, including gloves, footwear, and personal protective equipment.
Information about chemical hazards to which employees could be exposed and other hazard communication program information.
Availability of toilet, hand-washing and drinking water facilities.
Provisions for medical services and first aid including emergency procedures.
In addition, we provide specific instructions to all workers regarding hazards unique to their job assignment, to the extent that such information was not already covered in other training.
We train our workers about the following checked training subjects:
The employer's Code of Safe Practices.
Important of wearing hardhats at all times while working.
Confined spaces.
Good housekeeping, fire prevention, safe practices for operating any construction equipment.
Safe procedures for cleaning, repairing, servicing and adjusting equipment and machinery.
Safe access to working areas.
Protection from falls.
Electrical hazards, including working around high voltage lines.
Concrete sawing, breaking and drilling and dust control
Heavy equipment and skid steer operation.
Crane operations.
Trenching and excavation work.
Proper use of powered tools.
Guarding of belts and pulleys, gears and sprockets, and conveyor nip points.
Machine, machine parts, and prime movers guarding.
Lock-out/tag-out procedures.
Materials handling.
Slings, hoists and rigging.
Chainsaw and other power tool operation.
Landing and loading areas, including release of rigging, landing layout and moving vehicles and equipment,.
Fall protection from elevated locations.
Use of elevated platforms, including condors and scissor lifts.
Driver safety.
Slips, falls, and back injuries.
Ergonomic hazards, including proper lifting techniques and working on ladders or in a stooped posture for prolonged periods at one time.
Personal protective equipment.
Respiratory Equipment.
Hazardous chemical exposures.
Hazard communication.
Physical hazards, such as heat/cold stress, noise, and ionizing and non-ionizing radiation.
Silica hazard
Laboratory safety.
Blood borne pathogens and other biological hazards.
Other job-specific hazards, such as
Written IIPP and Documentation Requirements
Our organization has taken the following steps to implement and maintain our IIPP: Our organization has ten or more employees and keeps records as follows:
Records of scheduled and periodic inspections including the person(s) conducting the inspection, the workplace hazards (i.e., unsafe conditions and work practices that have been identified) and the action(s) taken to correct the identified unsafe conditions and work practices, are recorded on the Hazard Assessment Checklist* and the Identified Hazards and Correction Record* and the Investigation/Corrective Action Report*. These records are maintained for at least one (1) year.
[ ], EXCEPTION – Our organization has fewer than ten employees and maintains inspection records only until the hazard is corrected.
Documentation of safety and health training for each worker, including the worker's name or other identifier, training dates, type(s) of training, and training providers are recorded on the Worker Training and Instruction Record*. This documentation is maintained for at least one (1) year.
[ ], EXCEPTION 1 – Our organization has fewer than ten employees and maintains a log of instructions provided to employees with respect to hazards unique to their job assignments when first hired or they are assigned new duties.
Safety Training conducted on: Date:
Time: _
Covered topics:
Client: Trainer: Page: of
Employee Name (print) Employee Signature
Heat Illness Prevention
Program
HIPP
The contents of this document have been developed as modeled from CalOSHA. Presentation and format may differ from documentation found on CalOSHA website.
CONTENTS
Additional Contact Information 9
Employee and Supervisor Training 10
RWR Construction program Heat Illness Prevention Program (HIPP) is intended to address policies and procedures associated with preventing both the frequency and severity of occupational heat related illness in all outdoor places of employment. The policies and procedures outlined in this program are in support of and in reference to the California Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) General Industry Safety Orders (GISO) specifically addressed in:
Code of California Regulations (CCR) Title 8, Section 3395
Employees to understand the scope and application of HIPP policies and procedures, to identify and understanding symptoms to heat related illnesses, and how to use control measures related to heat illness.
Understand key terms and definitions used to support the scope and application of this program.
Understand Employer requirements for provision of water and access to shade.
Understand mandatory heat illness prevention training topics for employees and supervisors.
The scope and application of this program are in accordance with CCR Title 8, Section 3395(a) and apply to work activities performed outdoors where environmental risk factors for heat illness are present.
When the body is unable to cool itself by sweating, several heat induced illnesses such as heat stress or heat exhaustion or the more severe heat stroke can occur and result in serious injury or illness or even death. High temperature and humidity; direct sun or heat; limited air movement; physical exertion; poor physical condition; certain medications; and inadequate tolerances for hot workplaces are all factors which can lead to heat stress and heat related illness.
Temperature | Relative Humidity | Hazard Level |
Less than 80 degrees F. | Less than 30% | Low Hazard |
80 – 85 degrees F. | 30-40% | Low - Cautionary |
85-95 degrees F. | 40-60% | Cautionary |
95-100 degrees F. | 60-70% | Danger |
There are two main ways in which the body produces heat:
Metabolic Heat – heat generated through digestion of food, work, and exercise
Environmental Heat – heat from the surrounding environment (sun, hot room, etc.)
The body typically produces sweat through perspiration to keep itself cool. When the body is unable to cool itself serious heat illness may occur. The most severe heat induced illnesses are heat exhaustion and heat stroke. If actions are not taken to treat heat exhaustion, the illness can progress to heat stroke and possible death.
The following table identifies common heat related illnesses, their symptoms, and procedures to prevent or minimize their conditions:
Illness | Symptoms | Emergency Response |
Heat Rash – also know as Prickly Heat, occurs in hot humid environments where sweat can’t easily evaporate from the skin. | Presence of a red rash which in some cases causes severe pain. | Move person to cool shaded area to rest. Prevent reoccurrence by resting frequently in cool dry areas and bathing frequently to ensure clean, dry skin. |
Fainting – occurs when an employee is not acclimatized to the work environment. | Headache, Dizziness, Light Headedness, Weakness, Temporary Black Outs (loss of vision), Nausea, Vomiting | Move the person to a cool shaded area to rest. Do not leave the person alone. If the person is dizzy, lay on their back and raise legs 6-8 inches. If the person is sick to his/her stomach, lay on side. Loosen and remove any heavy clothing. Have the person drink cool water (a small cup every 15 minutes) if not feeling sick. Try to cool the person by fanning or cool the skin with a spray mist of water or wet cloth. If the person does not feel better within a few minutes, call for emergency help (911). |
Heat Cramps – painful muscle spasms that result in the loss of salt and electrolytes due to excessive sweating. | Painful muscle spasms usually affecting the stomach, arms, and legs. Vomiting may occur. | Move the person to a cool shaded area to rest. Do not leave the person alone. If the person is dizzy or light headed, lay on back and raise legs 6-8 inches. Have the person drink fluids containing electrolytes such as calcium, sodium, and potassium (i.e. Gatorade). |
Heat Exhaustion – state brought on by the loss of fluids lost during excessive sweating. Individuals may still sweat but experience extreme weakness and may even collapse. | Headache, Dizziness, Light Headedness, Weakness, Mood Changes (irritable, confused / can’t think straight), Nausea, Vomiting, Decreased and Dark Colored Urine, Fainting, Pale and Clammy Skin | Move the person to a cool shaded area to rest. Do not leave the person alone. If the person is dizzy or light headed, lay on back and raise legs 6-8 inches. If the person is sick to his/her stomach, lay on side. Loosen and remove any heavy clothing. Have the person drink cool water (a small cup every 15 minutes) if he/she is not feeling sick. Try to cool the person by fanning or cool the skin with a spray mist of water or wet cloth. If the person does not feel better within a few minutes, call for emergency help (911). (If heat exhaustion is not treated, the illness may advance to heat stroke). |
Heat Stroke – a severe medical emergency which can result in death. The body’s core temperature gets too high and the body is no longer able to cool itself. | Dry Pale Skin (no sweating), Hot Red Skin (looks like sunburn), Mood Changes (irritable, confused / not making sense), Seizures, and Collapse (not responding) | Call for emergency help (911). Move the person to a cool shaded area. Do not leave the person alone. Lay him/her on back and if the person is having seizures, remove any objects close to him/her so he/she won’t strike against them. If the person is sick to his/her stomach, lay on side. Remove heavy outer clothing. Have the person drink cool water (a small cup every 15 minutes) if he/she is alert enough to drink anything and is not sick to his/her stomach. Try to cool the person by fanning or cool the skin with a spray mist of water or wet cloth. If ice is available, place ice packs under arm pits an in the groin area. |
Note: Employees are at increased risk of heat illness when they are taking certain medication, they have had heat induced illness in the past, and/or when they are required to wear personal protective equipment (PPE) including suits, respirators, heavy gloves and boots. Employees who are taking medication should check with their doctor, nurse, or pharmacy to determine if their medication will affect them when working in hot environments.
Steps to protect employees from heat illness include:
Learning and understanding the signs and symptoms of heat illnesses and what to do to help affected employees.
Employee training on heat induced illnesses.
When possible, try to perform heaviest work during coolest part of the day.
Acclimatization – build up tolerance to heat and work activity (takes up to two weeks).
Use the buddy system (work in pairs).
Drink plenty of cool water (one small cup every 15-20 minutes).
Wear light, loose fitting, breathable clothing.
Take frequent short breaks in cool, shaded areas allowing the body to cool down.
Avoid eating large, heavy meals before working in hot environments.
Avoid caffeinated beverages and energy drinks as they make the body lose water and increase the risk of heat illnesses.
The following terms and definitions are outlined in CCR Title 8, Section 3395(b) and are included to support the language used to describe the scope and application of this program.
Acclimatization – The biological process through which the body adapts to the environment. Usually peaks within 4 to 14 hours of work for at least 2 hours per day in the heat.
Heat Illness – A serious medical condition resulting from the body’s inability to cope with a particular heat load, including heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heat syncope, and heat stroke. (Heat Syncope = fainting, temporary loss of consciousness or posture or both).
Environmental Risk Factors – Working conditions that create the possibility that heat illness could occur, including; air temperature, relative humidity, radiant heat from the sun, conductive heat sources (ground, air movement), workload severity and duration, protective clothing and PPE worn by employees.
Personal Risk Factors – Personal conditions and factors that create the possibility that heat illness could occur, including; individuals age and state of health, degree of acclimatization, water, alcohol, and caffeine consumption, and use of prescription medication that affect the body’s water retention or other physiological response to heat.
Recovery Period – The period of time required to recover from the heat in order to prevent heat related illnesses.
Shade – Blockage of direct sunlight; canopies, umbrellas. Blockage is sufficient when objects do not cast a shadow in the area of blocked sunlight. Shade is not adequate when heat in the area of shade defeats the purpose of shade. (i.e. a car sitting in the sun does not provide acceptable shade to a person inside it, unless the car is running with air conditioning in use).
The Employer shall adhere to the requirements for provision of drinking water as outlined in CCR Title 8, Section 3395(c). The provision of drinking water is a control measure to ensure exposed employees are provided with a suitable quantity of drinking water to prevent heat illnesses. The Employer shall provide water in sufficient quantity to exposed employees at the beginning of their work shift so at least one quart per employee per hour is available for drinking over the entire shift.
A shift may be begin with smaller quantities of water only if effective procedures for water replenishment during the shift are available so that each employee has access to a quart or more per hour. The frequent drinking of water, described in (e), shall be encouraged.
Bring at least 2 quarts per employee at the start of the shift. Water shall be provided in 5-gallon insulated water coolers (i.e. Igloo™ Coolers) and/or water bottles packed in an ice cooler.
Disposable/single use drinking cups will be provided to employees, or provisions will be made to issue employees their own cups each day. As an alternative, individual bottles of water may be provided to each employee.
Supervisor/designated person will monitor water containers every 30 minutes, and employees are encouraged to report to supervisor/designated person low levels or dirty water.
Supervisor will provide frequent reminders to employees to drink frequently, and more water breaks will be provided.
Every morning there will be short tailgate meetings to remind workers about the importance of frequent consumption of water throughout the shift.
Place water containers as close as possible to the workers, not away from them.
When drinking water levels within a container drop below 50%, the water shall be replenished immediately; or water levels should not fall below the point that will allow for adequate water during the time necessary to effect replenishment.
Noise making devices, such as air horns, may be used to remind employee’s to take their water break.
In accordance with CCR Title 8, Section 3395(d), the Employer shall provide exposed employees with access to shaded areas when working outdoors in conditions of elevated heat, humidity, and / or work activity. Employees suffering from heat illness, or believing that a preventative recovery period is needed, shall be provided access to an area that is either open to the air or provided with ventilation or cooling for a period of no less than five (5) minutes. Such access shall be permitted at all times.
Shade shall be present when the temperature exceeds 80 digress Fahrenheit
Shade shall be available upon employee request when the temperature exceeds 80 degrees Fahrenheit.
Supervisor will set-up an adequate number of umbrellas, canopies or other portable devices at the start of the shift and will relocate them to be closer to the crew, as needed. Equipment should be placed in close proximity (i.e., no more than 50-100 yards) to the work activity.
Every morning there will be short tailgate meetings (in the employees’ language) to remind workers about the importance of rest breaks and the location of shade.
The employer shall implement high heat procedures when the temperature equals or exceeds 95 degrees Fahrenheit.
These procedures shall include the following to the extent practical:
Ensure that effective communication by voice observation or electronic means is maintained so that employees at the work site can contact a supervisor when necessary. An electronic device, such as cell phone may be used for this purpose only if reception is reliable.
Observing employees for alertness and signs or symptoms of heat illness.
Reminding employees throughout the work shift to drink plenty of water.
Close supervision of a new employee by a supervisor or designated employee for the first 14 days of the new employees employment by the employer, unless the employee indicates at the time of hire that he or she has been doing similar outdoor work for at least 10 of the past 30 days for four or more hours per day.
Heat related illness emergencies shall be addressed by immediately calling the emergency telephone numbers listed below. For serious heat related illness emergencies, immediately call 911 and follow heat illness emergency response procedures outlined in heat related illness table on page two (2) of this program until responders arrive.
For heat related incidents that do not require immediate dispatch of emergency medical responders, the victim shall be stabilized by following heat illness emergency response procedures outlined in heat related illness table on page two (2) of this program, and then shall receive supervisor escort to the nearest first aid clinic under the company’s occupational medical provider network (MPN).
In the event of an emergency, the employer will ensure that clear and precise direction to the work site can and will be provided to emergency responders
Supervisor training will include hot to motor weather reports and how to respond to hot weather advisories. OSHA-NIOSH Heat Safety Tool
Fire: | 911 |
Police: | 911 |
Ambulance: | 911 |
Poison Control Center: | (800) 222-1222 |
ADDITIONAL CONTACT INFORMATION:
Name | Title | Contact Number | Contact Method |
BBSI Nurse Triage | (800) 825-3887 | ||
EMPLOYEE AND SUPERVISOR TRAINING
As outlined in CCR Title 8, Section 3395(e), the following are detailed topics on which employees and supervisors are to be trained with respect to prevention of, and response to, heat illness and risk factors for heat illness:
Environmental and personal risk factors for heat illness.
The Employer’s procedure for identifying, evaluating, and controlling exposures to the environment and personal risk factors for heat illness.
The importance of frequent consumption (up to 4 cups per hour) of water under extreme conditions.
The importance of acclimatization.
The different types of heat illnesses and common signs and symptoms.
The importance of immediately reporting symptoms of heat illness in either themselves or co-workers.
The Employer’s procedures for responding to heat illness, including emergency medical services.
Procedures for contacting EMS and for transporting employees to a point where they can be reached by EMS personnel.
How to provide clear and concise directions to the work site.
All information contained in the Employee Training Section.
The procedures a supervisor is to follow to effectively implement policies and procedures outlined in this program.
The procedures a supervisor is to follow when an employee exhibits symptoms consistent with possible heat illness, including emergency response procedures.
Use the OSHA/NIOSH Heat and weather app to monitor the weather and provide mitigating actions as needed to provide a safe work environment.
END OF PROGRAM
Crystalline Silica
Exposure Control Policy, Program & Procedure
Part 2: Statement of Purpose .........................................................................................................................
Part 3: Responsibilities....................................................................................................................................
Part 4: Exposure Limits ...................................................................................................................................
Part 5: Risk Identification................................................................................................................................
The health hazards of silica come from breathing in the dust 13
Part 6: Risk Assessment ..................................................................................................................................
Part 7: Risk Control .........................................................................................................................................
Substitution and Elimination 17
Personal Protective Equipment Controls 19
Part 8: Education and Training........................................................................................................................
Part 9: Safe Work Procedures .........................................................................................................................
Part 10: Documentation..................................................................................................................................
Silica is the second most common mineral on earth, found in the common form as “sand” and “rock”. Silica is the compound formed from the elements silicon (Si) and oxygen (O) and has a molecular form of SiO2. The three main forms or ‘polymorphs’ of silica are alpha quartz, cristobalite and tridymite. The polymer most abundant and most hazardous to human health is alpha quartz, and is commonly referred to as crystalline silica.
The health hazards of silica come from breathing in the dust. If crystalline silica becomes airborne through industrial activities, exposures to fine crystalline silica dust (specifically exposure to the size fraction that is considered to be respirable) can lead to a disabling, sometimes fatal disease called silicosis. The fine particles are deposited in the lungs, causing thickening and scarring of the lung tissue. The scar tissue restricts the lungs’ ability to extract oxygen from the air. This damage is permanent, but the symptoms of the diseases may not appear for many years. As noted in the following Figure, (respirable) silica dust is very small, and is not visible to the human eye.
Figure 1: Crystalline silica up close. 1000 times magnification of sand dust. These particles are small enough to be trapped in lung tissue.
A worker may develop any of three types of silicosis, depending on the concentration of silica dust and the duration of the exposure:
Chronic Silicosis: Develops after 10 or more years of exposure to crystalline silica and relatively low concentrations.
Accelerated Silicosis: Develops 5 to 10 years after initial exposure to crystalline silica at high concentrations.
Acute Silicosis: Develops within weeks, or 4 to 5 years, after exposure to very high concentrations of crystalline silica.
Initially, workers with silicosis may have no symptoms; however, as the disease progresses, workers may experience:
Shortness of Breath.
Severe Cough.
Weakness.
These symptoms can worsen over time and lead to death. Exposure to silica has also been linked to other diseases, including bronchitis, tuberculosis, and lung cancer.
Many of the activities performed on RWR Construction Projects result in the creation/release of silica dust, thus exposing our employees. These activities include, but are not necessarily limited to:
Demolishing concrete or asphalt, with jackhammers, hoerams or any other method that produces dust
Sweeping of concrete or asphalt dust mechanically or by hand
Grinding or resurfacing concrete or asphalt
Saw-cutting concrete or asphalt
Drilling concrete or asphalt
Excavating and Truck Loading activities
Doing these tasks with other potentially silica containing materials, such as brick, mortar, grout, sand, stone or tile
RWR Construction is committed to providing a safe and healthy workplace to our employees, recognizing the right of workers to work in a safe and healthy work environment and ensuring that
RWR Construction’s activities do not adversely affect the health and safety of any other persons.
This commitment includes ensuring every reasonable precaution is taken to protect our employees (and others) from the adverse health effects associated with exposure to silica.
Due to the risk posed by respirable silica, it is critical that all personnel involved in activities that could potentially create silica dust take specific actions to ensure that, as much as practicable, a hazard is not created. In recognition of this, the following (Silica related) responsibilities have been established and must be adhered to:
Regularly evaluating new equipment and technologies that become available, as able/appropriate, purchasing the “best available” equipment/technologies (within RWR Construction’s capabilities). Equipment/technologies with (silica) dust suppression and/or capture technologies will generally be given preference over equipment/technologies that lack such.
Ensuring project and/or task specific Exposure Control is communicated and effectively implemented as appropriate.
Ensuring that all employees (i.e. Managers, Supervisors and Workers) receive the necessary education and training related to this Policy, as well as project/task specific ECs.
Reviewing Industry/Regulatory information, and new/emerging equipment/technologies on a regular (i.e. annual) basis.
Ensuring that all the tools, equipment, PPE and materials (including water) necessary to implement proper silica exposure protection is available (and in good working order) prior to allowing work activities to commence.
Ensuring that all workers (under the supervisor’s direction and control) have received the necessary education and training. As appropriate, each supervisor must ensure that workers are available to “demonstrate competency” for identified tasks.
Ensuring that workers adhere to the project/task specific EC, including PPE and personal hygiene (i.e. including be clean shaven where the respirator seals to the user’s face) requirements.
Coordinating work activities with the Owner/Prime Contractor as required, and/or otherwise implementing the controls necessary to protect others (i.e. erecting of barricades and signage) who could be adversely effected by RWR Construction’s acts (or omissions).
Knowing the hazards of silica dust exposure.
Using the assigned protective equipment in an effective and safe manner.
Working in accordance with the project/task specific EC.
Reporting (immediately) to their supervisor, any hazards (i.e. unsafe conditions, unsafe acts, improperly operating equipment, etc.).
The Occupational Health & Safety Regulation (OHSR) lists an occupational exposure limit (OEL) for respirable crystalline silica (including quartz) of 0.025 milligrams per cubic metre (mg/m3). This is a concentration to which nearly all workers could be exposed for eight hours a day, five days a week, without adverse health effects. However, as a suspected carcinogen, crystalline silica is also an ALARA substance, and exposures must be reduced to levels As Low As Reasonably Achievable below the OEL.
Silica is contained on RWR Construction’s Projects in the following materials: concrete,
brick, mortar, grout, sand, stone, tile and asphalt
(i.e. the Lafarge Materials Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for concrete reveals the potential for up to 90% crystalline silica, while the MSDS from a typical Aggregate supplier identifies the potential for between 50-77% Silica in aggregate), and (silica) dust can be readily released through the various tasks performed by RWR Construction.
In addition to identifying the specific activities/areas where personnel could be exposed to silica dust, the “amount” of exposure and “duration” of exposure must also be considered. With consideration to these three factors, activities performed by RWR Construction (or that are otherwise occurring in proximity to RWR Construction’s activities) that expose our employees (as well as members of the public and other workers) to the dust include, but are not necessarily limited to:
Surface preparation activities such as: (1) the use of Blow-Packs, (2) the use of Bobcats with “sweeper” attachments, (3) the use of Sweeper trucks and (4) hand sweeping.
Demolishing concrete or asphalt, with jackhammers, hoerams or any other method that produces dust
Saw-cutting (of both asphalt and concrete).
Drilling (of concrete or asphalt).
Granular Surface Preparation activities (i.e. grading and rolling), and
Operation and use of milling equipment/machinery (i.e. milling and conveyance/discharge of milled materials on conveyor).
Grinding or resurfacing concrete
Excavating and Truck Loading activities
Doing these tasks with other potentially silica containing materials, such as brick, mortar, grout, sand, stone, tile or asphalt
RWR Construction will use a variety of methods to assist with the “assessment” of (possible and actual) silica exposures. These methods will include, but may not necessarily be limited to:
Reviewing data/reports available in the public domain (i.e. Information available through regulatory agencies (including WorkSafeBC) and industry associations (including the BC Construction Safety Alliance).
Assuming that all potentially silica-bearing material contains silica, and taking appropriate action to protect all workers and public from exposure.
When determining measures to reduce or eliminate worker exposure to silica dust, RWR Construction will generally select a combination of controls, listed in order of preference:
Elimination and Substitution.
Engineering.
Administrative.
Personnel Protection Equipment (PPE).
Whenever possible, RWR Construction will substitute products containing silica with products that do not contain (or contain a lower percentage of) crystalline silica. While there have historically been few “substitution” options available, RWR Construction recognizes the importance of planning work in order to minimize the amount of silica dust generated.
During the planning phases of a project, RWR Construction will advocate for the use of methods that reduce the need for cutting, grinding, or drilling of concrete surfaces.
Engineering controls are those controls which aim to control or otherwise minimize the release of crystalline silica. Two “common” engineering control options are available to RWR Construction in many circumstances. These include the Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV) and Wet Dust Suppression (WDS) systems.
Tools/appliance specific LEV systems are available on some tools/appliances. Such LEV systems are generally comprised of a shroud assembly, a hose attachment, and a vacuum system. Dust-laden air is collected within the shroud, drawn into the hose attachment, and conveyed to the vacuum, where it is filtered and discharged. “Large scale” LEV systems, such those available on some Vacuum Trucks and Mobile Sweepers, may also be employed (at times) on RWR Construction projects.
When/if LEV systems are used, RWR Construction will employ the following systems and safe work practices:
Vacuum attachment systems that capture and control dust at its source whenever possible.
Dust control systems will be maintained in optimal working condition.
Grinding wheels will be operated at the manufacturer’s recommended RPM
(operating in excess of this can generate significantly higher airborne dust levels).
HEPA or good quality, multi-stage vacuum units (approved for use with silica dust)
will be used in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
Whenever possible, concrete grinding will be completed when the concrete is wet
(thus dust release will be significantly reduced).
Unlike LEV systems, many tools/appliances at RWR Construction are equipped with WDS systems (i.e. on the Milling equipment, sweeper equipped Bobcats, as well as attachments on various hand held/portable, abrasive/cutting equipment). When WDS Systems are not available, (as a standard or retrofitted part of a tool/appliance), similar effects can also be achieved by manually wetting the surface (i.e. with a mister or with a hose).
When WDS systems are used, RWR Construction will employ the following systems and safe work practices:
If water is not readily available on the specific RWR Construction project, the project supervisor will arrange to have a water tank delivered to the site for use.
Pneumatic or fuel (i.e. gasoline) powered equipment will generally be used instead of electrically powered equipment if water is the method of dust control, unless the electrical equipment is specifically designed to be used in such circumstances.
Pressure and flow rate will be controlled in accordance with the tool manufacturer’s specifications.
When sawing concrete, tools that provide water directly to the blade will be used if possible.
Wet slurry will be cleaned from work surfaces when the work is complete, if/when necessary.
Administrative controls are those that aim to control or otherwise minimize the release of silica through the use of work procedure and work methods, rather than by affecting the actual physical work. Common examples of administrative controls include, but are not limited to:
Posting of warning signs.
Rescheduling of work as to avoid the activities of others.
Relocating unprotected workers away from dusty areas.
When administrative controls are used, RWR Construction will employ the following systems and safe work practices:
In conjunction with the Owner/Prime Contractor, suitable exposure control strategies (both within and outside RWR Construction ‘s capabilities/responsibilities) will be discussed and determined. As necessary/appropriate, supplemental (to this policy/procedure) project and task specific Exposure Control Plans will be developed.
Suitable housekeeping, restricted work area, hygiene practices, training and supervision procedures/standards will be determined and implemented on RWR Construction projects.
As appropriate, barriers will be erected around known silica dust generating activities, and/or warning signs will be posted.
As able, work activities will be scheduled to minimize the silica related effect on, and from, others.
When used in conjunction with the other (i.e. Engineering and Administrative) controls elsewhere identified, personal protective equipment and clothing can help further reduce our employee’s exposure to silica dust.
An air purifying respirator fitted with HEPA cartridges is the most common piece of PPE that would be used by RWR Construction to minimize exposure to silica dust. Dependent on the effectiveness of the other (i.e. engineering) control measures employed, either a “full face piece” or “1/2 face piece” respirator would be used by personnel (In the majority of situations a ½ face respirator will be used. When working indoors or in other areas with poor ventilation, a full face respirator may be required). Both of these respirators are “seal dependent”, and thus the users must be “fit tested” and clean shaven where the respirator seals to the face.
In addition to respiratory PPE, protective clothing (i.e. disposable/washable coveralls) may be used and/or required to help prevent the contamination of the worker’s personnel clothing.
Prior to performing activities, or working on project sites where personnel could be exposed to silica dust, RWR Construction will ensure that personnel receive suitable education and training. As necessary, personnel will be trained to a level of “demonstrated competency”. While not necessarily an exhaustive list, education and training may include:
The hazards and risks associated with exposure to silica dust.
The signs and symptoms of silica related diseases.
General and specific silica exposure reduction methods/strategies (i.e. as detailed in the general/specific exposure control plans).
The use of specific pieces of equipment and control systems (i.e. LEV and WDS systems).
The use and care of respiratory (and other) personal protective equipment.
How to seek first aid (i.e. for respiratory related concerns, including those that may be caused/associated with silica dust exposure), and
How to report items of the concern (i.e. those related to silica dust).
The education and training detailed will be delivered to RWR Construction employees through a variety of forums, including one or more of the following but not necessarily limited to:
New Employee Orientations.
Project/Site Orientations.
Equipment/task specific training (in accordance with RWR Construction’s Policy, all personnel must be trained to a level of “demonstrated competency” prior to using required tools, equipment and appliances).
Start of shift “tool box talks”.
Regularly scheduled crew “Tailgate Meetings”.
Notifications and Bulletins (those developed in house and those acquired from other reputable sources).
RWR Construction will ensure that suitable written procedures for controlling the risk of silica exposure are developed. This document/table summarizes the silica control options generally available on RWR Construction sites/projects, and will be complimented with project/tasks specific Exposure Control Plans as necessary. This document and any supplemental work procedures/ECs will be made readily available for review by all affected workers.
Division/Task | Control Methods | Personal Protection Equipment | Comments |
Concrete or Asphalt or other possible silica bearing materials: Demolition, Sawing, drilling, grinding or surfacing, sweeping | For all operations and as practical: Use water ongoing/continuously during operations to dampen surfaces and keep down dust and airborne particles. Sawing, drilling, grinding or surfacing: Alternately use HEPA rated vacuum to collect dust before it becomes airborne. When workers have been working in area with airborne particles, proper washing and removal of particulates from clothing and body must be followed, i.e. protective clothing, hand washing, thorough showering and clothes laundering, not exposing family members from contaminated clothing. | Use silica-rated dust masks during any operations where there is not complete suppression of airborne particles by other methods. Wear protective/disposable coverings where airborne particles will be present. | The use of a water to suppress airborne silica particles is one of the best and most effective methods to use. Water and hose should be available whenever possible during operations, particularly demolition, sawing and drilling. Vacuuming must be done with a HEPA rated vacuum, as regular vacuums do not have the necessary filtration to capture the very tiny silica particles. It is important to not exposure your home or family members to silica dust. If your clothing or any body parts may have been exposed, immediately remove and wash the clothing, then take a shower, before walking around your residence or greeting your family. |
Crystalline Silica
Exposure Control Policy, Program & Procedure 23
Crystalline Silica
Exposure Control Policy, Program & Procedure
In accordance with Record/Statistics Procedures detailed in the latest revision of RWR Construction‘s “Health & Safety Manual”, records associated with Crystalline Silica Program will be maintained in accordance with the following:
Record Type | Location(s) | Retention Requirement |
Silica Policy, Program and Procedure |
|
|
Project/Task Specific Silica ECs |
|
|
Workplace Inspections |
|
|
First Aid Records/Reports of Exposure |
|
|
Incident Investigation Reports |
|
|
WorkSafeBC/Regulator Reports and Correspondence |
|
|
Respirator Fit Tests |
|
|
Equipment Maintenance and Repair Logs |
|
|
New Employee Orientation Records |
|
|
Site/Project Orientation Records |
|
|
Tool Box Talk Records |
|
|
Crew Safety Meeting Records |
|
|
Job/Task Specific Training Records |
|
|
*LOP – Length of Project
*LOE – Length of Employment
*LOS – Length of Service
Crystalline Silica
Exposure Control Policy, Program & Procedure
25